考虑车线匹配的电动公交多线路联合优化建模

Integrated Optimization of Multi-route for Battery Electric Buses Considering Vehicle and Line Matching

为研究电动公交的运营优化问题,本文考虑电池容量损耗,以车辆和线路匹配、车辆和电池的更新、车辆服务的车次数为决策变量,建立电动公交的生命周期成本优化模型。设计基于滚动时域调度优化方法,采用GUROBI软件对模型进行求解。以多条公交线路运营数据为背景,对模型有效性进行测试。假设决策周期为20年,算例结果分析得出车辆和电池的最优更新方案,车辆和线路的匹配方案,车辆运营的车次数量方案,最优方案的生命周期成本为35.27×10^(7)$,车辆和电池更换次数分别为44和239。针对线路工作负荷大小、车辆与线路匹配策略等参数进行灵敏度分析。结果表明:考虑不同线路工作负荷的差异,设计优化的车辆与线路匹配策略可以减少车辆和电池的购置成本,提高电动公交企业运营效益。

To study the bus operation optimization problem,this paper establishes a life-cycle cost optimization model for electric buses considering battery capacity degradation,which takes vehicle and line matching,vehicle and battery renewal,and the number of service trips for buses as decision variables.Then we develop a rolling horizon scheduling optimization method and use GUROBI to solve it.With the operational data of multiple bus lines,the validity of the model is tested.Assuming that the planning horizon is 20 years,the optimal renewal scheme for vehicles and batteries,the matching scheme for vehicles and lines,and the number of trips for bus operations are obtained.The optimal scheme's life cycle cost is$35.27×10^(7),and the number of vehicle and battery replacements is 44 and 239,respectively.Based on the sensitivity analysis of different workloads and the matching strategies,the results show that considering the differences in workloads,the matching strategy of buses and lines can reduce the investment cost of vehicles and batteries and improve the operational efficiency of electric bus enterprises.