潮汐客流下城市轨道交通时刻表与车底接续协同优化

Collaborative Optimization of Urban Rail Transit Timetable and Rolling Stock Circulation Under Tidal Passenger Flow

针对城市轨道交通客流需求的潮汐现象,本文研究不成对运输组织模式下的列车时刻表和车底接续计划协同编制问题。以双车场轨道交通线路为对象,基于客流的时空分布不均衡特性,以总乘客等待时间费用、列车固定使用费用和列车接续走行费用最小化为目标,以列车始发时刻、车次接续关系、车底出入库情况为决策变量,考虑时刻表约束、车底流通约束以及客流平衡约束,构建城市轨道交通列车时刻表与车底接续协同优化的混合整数非线性规划模型,经线性化处理后利用Gurobi进行求解。以上海地铁某线路为例验证模型的有效性,结果表明:本文方案相较于分步求解方案、均衡发车方案以及成对开行方案,乘客和企业总费用分别降低了6.06%、10.45%和6.35%,列车运力分布与客流需求匹配性提高,主客流方向乘客等待时间减少,有助于同步提高企业运输效益和乘客服务水平。

Due to the tidal phenomenon of passenger flow demand in urban rail transit,this paper studies the cooperative schedule of train timetable and rolling stock circulation under the unpaired transportation organization mode.Given a two-depot rail transit line with the unbalanced temporal-spatial distribution of passenger flow,a mixed integer nonlinear programming model is constructed with objectives of minimizing the total passenger waiting time cost,train fixed use cost,and train succession walking cost.The model takes the train departure time,train succession relationship,and depot entry and exit of rolling stocks as the decision variables,and considers timetable constraint,rolling stock circulation constraint,and passenger flow balance constraint.It is solved by Gurobi after linearization.Taking a metro line in Shanghai as an example to verify the effectiveness of this model,the results show that the total cost of passengers and enterprises decreased by 6.06%,10.45%,and 6.35%,respectively,compared with the step-bystep solution scheme,the balanced departure scheme,and the paired operation scheme.The matching between train capacity distribution and passenger demand is improved,and the waiting time of passengers in the main passenger flow direction is reduced.The model helps to improve the enterprise transportation efficiency and passenger service level simultaneously.