船舶岸电工作环境下高频变压器潜在问题分析

Analysis of Potential Problems of High-frequency Transformers in the Working Environment of Ship Shore Power

由于船舶用电通常使用的电压与工业用电电压不一致,码头上需要配置高压岸电电源变频系统,将10 kV/50 Hz工业电源转换成6 kV/50 Hz及6.6 kV/60 Hz船用电源用于集装箱船舶靠泊期间用电。然而,在高频条件下经过变频处理的电流变压的高尖峰值、波形畸变和激磁涌流等问题会造成大功率用电设备投入和切断时间的不确定性,合闸产生的冲击电压造成电压波动,这让港口方、船方均承担较大的安全责任风险,影响船舶岸电系统的使用和推广。针对该问题,本文首先提出针对高压岸电电源变频系统中变压器的改进模型,再建立高频下考虑寄生参数的高压岸电电源变频系统中变压器模型,分析高压条件下改进模型的增益、功率器件的电压/电流应力、变换器损耗和效率等方面是否符合使用要求。

As the voltage usually used for ship electricity is inconsistent with the industrial electricity voltage,the terminal needs to be equipped with a high-voltage shore power frequency conversion system to convert 10 kV/50 Hz industrial power into 6kV/50Hz and 6.6 kV/60 Hz marine power for container ships.However,under highfrequency conditions,the high spike peak of current transformer,waveform distortion and excitation inrush current after frequency conversion treatment will cause uncertainty in the input and cut-off time of high-power electrical equipment,and the impulse voltage generated by closing will cause voltage fluctuations.The shipowner bears a greater risk of safety responsibility,which affects the use and promotion of the ship's shore power system.In response to this problem,this paper first proposes an improved model for the transformer in high-voltage shore power supply frequency conversion system,and then establishes a high-voltage shore power supply frequency conversion system model considering parasitic parameters at high voltage,and analyze whether the gain of the improved model under high-voltage conditions,the voltage/current stress of the power device,the loss and efficiency of the converter,and other aspects meet the requirements for use.