退役军人社会融合的属间差异及属内差异逻辑

The Logic of Differences Between Genus and Within Genus of Veterans'Social Integration

党的二十大报告着重强调要“做好退役军人服务保障工作”,社会融合作为其中一项议题,具有重要的现实意义。当退役军人离开军队时空后,已内化的价值观和符号规则仍连续性存在;惯习转换的惰性会因军转民的瞬时性引发退役军人的适应性困境,直接影响其社会融合进程。论文以时空社会学为视角,结合军队时空与平民时空在物质、实践和象征维度的异质性,基于CFPS数据库,采用PSM估计和混合OLS回归方法实证检验了时空转换对退役军人社会融合的影响效应。研究发现:(1)从属间差异看,退役军人在经济整合、社会适应和心理调适方面整体高于反事实模拟的同龄平民,存在显著的身份优势。(2)从属内差异看,相比同龄退役军人,参军年限愈久的退役军人因其更充足的退役准备、优渥的经济补偿和制度保障水平,社会融合反而表现良好;退役年龄愈早的退役军人经济整合和社会适应水平越高,该影响效应呈正U形;退役期经历社会急剧转型的退役军人心理调适水平更弱。(3)社会融合维度的互动中,经济整合属内差异会扩大退役军人社会适应和心理调适的属内差异。研究为理解退役军人社会融合问题拓展了新的理论视角,为优化退役军人服务供给机制提供了政策启示。

The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China highlights the need to support veterans,particularly with regards to social integration.Veterans may experience adaptation difficulties due to the sudden shift from military to civilian life,as their internalized values and symbol rules persist.Therefore,this study used spatiotemporal sociology and the CFPS database to analyze the impact of spatiotemporal transformation on veteran'social integration using PSM estimation and mixed OLS regression methods.The study found that:(1)Regarding inter-group differences,veterans have significant advantages in overall economic integration,social adaptation,and psychological adjustment compared to same-age civilians.(2)Regarding intra-group differences,veterans with longer service tend to exhibit better social integration due to better retirement preparation,generous economic compensation,and higher levels of institutional support.Veterans who retired at an earlier age have higher economic integration and social adaptation,with a positive U-shaped effect.Veterans experiencing intense social transformation effects during their retirement periods had weaker psychological adjustment levels.(3)In the interaction of integration dimensions,intra-group differences in economic integration expanded the intra-group differences in social adaptation and psychological adjustment of veterans.This study offers new theoretical insights and policy implications that can enhance services for veterans and promote their social integration.