地铁车辆设备电气连接器的振动测试及故障分析

Vibration Test and Fault Analysis of Electrical Connector for Metro Vehicle Equipment

针对上海地铁11号线设备电气连接器卡扣出现断裂的问题,开展地铁车辆实际线路运行的振动测试,结合GB/T 21563—2018标准从振动加速度有效值、振动冲击加速度峰值、振动频谱和不同车次等方面进行设备连接器的振动特性分析,并与沈阳、北京和广州等地铁线路测试数据进行对比分析,针对性提出改进措施。研究结果表明:上海地铁11号线设备电气连接器各测点在3个方向的振动都明显大于沈阳地铁2号线、北京地铁房山线和广州地铁2号线,与线路条件、速度等级直接相关;上海地铁11号线设备电气连接器各测点的纵向振动加速度均超过标准值,横向与纵向振动冲击加速度峰值超过标准值,电气连接器的断裂故障与振动过大有关;采用提升连接卡扣在纵向方向的紧固度和调整卡扣为实心结构的改进措施,可以解决设备电气连接器卡扣断裂问题。利用振动测试的分析方法可为地铁车辆设备的可靠性提供参考。

In response to the issue of broken electrical connector buckle for Shanghai Metro Line 11,the vibration test is carried out on the metro vehicle under actual operation.According to GB/T 21563—2018 standard,the vibration characteristics of equipment connector are analyzed from the aspects of the r.m.s value of acceleration,vibration and shock peak acceleration,vibration frequency spectrum and different train numbers,and the test data are compared with those of Shenyang,Beijing and Guangzhou metro lines to put forward the targeted improvement measures.The research results show that the vibration at each measuring point of the electrical connectors of equipment on Shanghai Metro Line 11 is significantly higher in all three directions than that of Shenyang Metro Line 2,Beijing Metro Fangshan Line,and Guangzhou Metro Line 2,which is directly related to line conditions and speed levels.The longitudinal acceleration at each measuring point of the equipment electrical connector for Shanghai Metro Line 11 exceeds the standard value,and the peak values of lateral and longitudinal peak acceleration exceed the standard value.The fracture fault of the electrical connector is related to excessive vibration.The measures of improving the fastening of the connection buckle in the longitudinal direction and adjusting the buckle to a solid structure can solve the fracture problem.The analysis method of vibration test can provide reference for the reliability of metro vehicle equipment.