某院金黄色葡萄球菌耐药性分析及毒素基因与耐药基因检测

Analysis of drug resistance and detection of toxin genes and drug resistance genes of Staphylococcus aureus in a hospital

目的 了解山西省汾阳医院金黄色葡萄球菌的临床分布、耐药性及毒素基因携带情况,为有效防治该菌感染提供思路。方法 从山西省汾阳医院收集20株金黄色葡萄球菌,采用试纸条法测定菌株对15种抗菌药物的耐药性,采用PCR技术扩增菌株的8种外排泵基因、16种耐药基因和23种毒素基因。结果 金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素的耐药率最高(100%),其次是红霉素和克林霉素(70%)。所有菌株对米诺环素、呋喃妥因、阿米卡星、万古霉素及利奈唑胺敏感,多重耐药菌占70%。共检出6个外排泵基因、9个耐药基因和18个毒素基因。外排泵基因谱norA-norB-norC-sepA-mepA-mdeA,耐药基因谱ermC-gyrA-grlA-tet(k),毒素基因谱nuc-see-selp和nuc-pvl-sell-selp占比最高。结论 该院金黄色葡萄球菌耐药性强,外排泵基因、耐药基因和毒素基因分布广泛,临床治疗应优先考虑米诺环素、呋喃妥因和阿米卡星等敏感药物。

Objective To understand the clinical distribution,drug resistance and toxin gene carrying of Staphylococcus aureus in Fenyang Hospital of Shanxi Province,so as to provide ideas for effective prevention and treatment of the infection.Methods Twenty strains of Staphylococcus aureus were collected from Fenyang Hospital of Shanxi Province,and their resistance to 15 kinds of antibiotics was determined by test strip method.Eight efflux pump genes,16 drug resistance genes and 23 toxin genes of the strains were amplified by PCR.Results Staphylococcus aureus had the highest resistance rate to penicillin(100%),followed by erythromycin and clindamycin(70%).All strains were sensitive to minocycline,nitrofurantoin,amikacin,vancomycin and linezolid,and 70% of them were multidrug resistant.A total of 6 efflux pump genes,9 drug resistance genes and 18 toxin genes were detected.The efflux pump gene profile norA-norB-norC-sepA-mepA-mdeA,the drug resistance gene profile ermC-gyrA-grlA-tet(k),the toxin gene profiles nuc-see-selp and nuc-pvl-sell-selp accounted for the highest proportion.Conclusion Staphylococcus aureus in a hospital has strong drug resistance,efflux pump genes,drug resistance genes and toxin genes are widely distributed,and sensitive drugs such as minocycline,nitrofurantoin and amikacin should be given priority in clinical treatment.