10个茶树品种在甘肃陇南地区的适应性评价

Adaptability Evaluation of Ten Different Tea Varieties in Longnan,Gansu

以当地主栽茶树品种龙井43为对照,对新引进的福鼎大白茶等10个品种进行生物学性状、生长势、鲜叶产量、抗寒性等比较分析,以期筛选出适宜甘肃陇南地区种植的茶树品种。结果表明:(1)11个品种在生物学性状方面差异显著,其中川农黄芽早、梅占、福鼎大白茶、名山特早311等生长良好,中茶108、安吉白茶2个品种的发芽密度、百芽重表现均差于对照;(2)从生长势来看,川农黄芽早、福鼎大白茶各性状表现最为优良,梅占次之,安吉白茶与对照相当,中茶108差于对照;(3)从产量来看,福鼎大白茶和川农黄芽早产量显著高于其他品种;(4)从抗寒能力来看,川农黄芽早、福鼎大白茶、中茶108抗寒性强,梅占抗寒性差。综合考虑认为,甘肃陇南地区最适宜引进的品种为川农黄芽早、福鼎大白茶,可进一步示范种植,不建议引进梅占、中茶108和安吉白茶这3个品种。

Ten newly introduced tea varieties were compared in respect of biological characteristics,growth potential,fresh leaf yield and cold resistance with the local main tea variety Longjing 43 as control in order to screen out tea varieties suitable for planting in Longnan,Gansu.The results showed that:(1) There were significant differences in biological traits among the 11varieties;ChuannongHuangyazao,Meizhan,FudingDabaicha and MingshanTezao 311 grew well,but the germination density and 100-bud weight of Zhongcha 108 and AnjiBaicha were lower than those of the control.(2) From the perspective of growth potential,ChuannongHuangyazao and FudingDabaicha performed the best,followed by Meizhan,AnjiBaicha was on a par with the control,and Zhongcha 108 was weaker than the control.(3) From the aspect of yield,FudingDabaicha and ChuannongHuangyazao were significantly higher than the other varieties.(4) In terms of cold resistance,ChuannongHuangyazao,FudingDabaicha and Zhongcha 108 had strong cold resistance,while Meizhan had poor cold resistance.To sum up,among the 10 varieties,ChuannongHuangyazao and FudingDabaicha are the most suitable ones to be introduced to Longnan,Gansu for further demonstrative planting,while Meizhan,Zhongcha 108 and AnjiBaicha are not recommended for introduction.