压力对大学生抑郁症状的影响:领悟社会支持和自我效能的中介作用

The effect of stress on depression in college students:comprehension of the mediating role of social support and self-efficacy

目的:探讨大学生抑郁症状与压力、社会支持、自我效能感的关系和机制。方法:采用抑郁自评量表、大学生压力量表、领悟社会支持量表和一般自我效能感问卷对658名大学生进行调查,使用SPSS 22.0进行数据处理和分析。结果:(1)大学生抑郁症状与压力呈正相关(r=0.327),大学生抑郁症状与社会支持、自我效能感均呈负相关(r=-0.226,-0.28);(2)压力可通过三条中介路径间接影响大学生抑郁症状:通过社会支持的独立中介作用(β=0.101),通过自我效能感的独立中介作用(β=0.032),通过社会支持、自我效能感的链式中介作用(β=0.016)。结论:压力与大学生抑郁症状有关,社会支持和自我效能在两者关系起中介作用。积极利用社会支持资源,增强自我效能感,可减轻压力的消极影响和抑郁的发生。

Objective:To explore the relationship and mechanism of depression with stress,social support,and self-efficacy among college students.Methods:Depression self-rating scale,stress scale for college students,comprehension social support scale and general self-efficacy questionnaire were used to investigate 658 college students,and data were processed and analyzed by using SPSS 22.0.Results:(1)College students'depression was positively correlated with stress(r=0.327),and college students'depression was negatively correlated with social support and self-efficacy(r=−0.226,−0.28);(2)stress can indirectly affect college students'depression through three mediated pathways:the independent mediation of social support(β=0.101),the independent mediation of self-efficacy(β=0.032),and the chain mediation of social support,and self-efficacy(β=0.016).Conclusion:Stress significantly and positively predicted depressive symptoms,with social support and self-efficacy playing a partially mediating role.Active use of social support resources and enhanced self-efficacy may reduce the negative effects of stress and the onset of depression.