黑磷制备磷化镍复合材料及高性能超级电容器应用

Preparation of nickel phosphide composites with black phosphorus and their application in high-performance supercapacitor

黑磷(BP)纳米片在超级电容器电极材料上有潜在的应用前景,然而纯黑磷超级电容器的储能能力不能令人满意。磷化镍(Ni_(2)P)可以提高黑磷超级电容器的储能性能,但其制备相对困难且容易发生团聚。为了解决这些问题,通过溶剂热法一步在BP表面生长出分散均匀的磷化镍,合成Ni_(2)P/BP异质结。结果表明,Ni_(2)P/BP超级电容器的比电容高度依赖于镍的质量浓度及黑磷的形貌。随着合成温度的升高,镍的质量浓度逐渐增加,但黑磷纳米片破碎逐渐严重,导致超级电容器性能出现振荡效应。当Ni_(2)P/BP的合成温度为100℃时,Ni_(2)P/BP超级电容器的比电容达到最大,约为纯BP超级电容器的3倍以上。

Black phosphorus(BP)nanosheets have potential applications as electrode materials for supercapacitors.However,the energy storage capacity of pure BP supercapacitors is unsatisfactory.Nickel phosphide(Ni_(2)P)can improve the energy storage performance of black phosphorus supercapacitors,but its preparation is relatively difficult and prone to agglomeration.In order to solve these problems,Ni_(2)P/BP heterostructure was synthesized by a one-step solvothermal method in which the nickel phosphide dispersed uniformly on the BP surface.The results show that the specific capacitances of Ni_(2)P/BP supercapacitors are highly dependent on the nickel contents and the morphology of black phosphorus.With the increase of synthetic temperature,the content of nickel increased gradually,while the fragmentation of black phosphorus nanosheets became serious that resulted in the oscillation of supercapacitor performance.At synthetic temperature of 100℃,the Ni_(2)P/BP supercapacitor can achieve the maximum specific capacitance,which is about 3 times of pure BP supercapacitor.