可重用空间碎片抓捕机器人

Design of Reusable Robot for Capturing Space Debris

随着世界几十年来航天事业的不断发展,空间在轨物体的数量急剧攀升,空间轨道可用资源日趋紧张,空间碎片问题日益凸显,对原本有限的空间轨道资源和在轨运行航天器的安全产生了严重威胁。本文从空间碎片危害、空间碎片清理任务推动捕获技术发展等角度阐述了空间碎片清除技术的研究背景;从捕获方式实现维度对飞网、鱼叉、机械臂等方式的关键技术进行分析和总结。针对现有捕获技术在空间碎片清除方面应用所存在的问题,从技术途径角度概括了该技术的未来发展趋势并提出了一种可重用空间碎片抓捕机构。

With the vigorous development of the space industry in various countries over the past decades,the number of orbiting objects in space has increased sharply,space orbit resources are becoming increasingly strained,and the problem of space debris has become increasingly prominent,seriously threatening the limited space orbit resources and the safety of spacecraft in orbit.This paper firstly expounds the research background of space debris removal technology from the perspectives of space debris hazard and the development of space debris removal technology promoted by space debris removal mission.The key technologies of flynet,harpoon and robot arm are analyzed and summarized from the dimension of capture mode realization.Finally,aiming at the problems existing in the application of the existing acquisition technology in space debris removal,the future development trend of the technology is summarized from the perspective of technical approaches and a reusable space debris capture mechanism is proposed.