论元明清时期江西宗族与书院发展

Study on Academy of Classical Learning and Clan Development in Jiangxi During the Yuan-Ming-Qing Period

元明清时期中国书院已纳入官学化轨道,但其时个人所办书院和家族、乡里所办书院仍然占有很大比重,其动力是为培养宗族人才,提高宗族族人文化素质和促进族人科举入仕。宗族前后相继、持续办书院,使书院延续时间更长。宗族还热心捐助地域社会中的官办书院。从而,元明清时期儒学人才往往从宗族中群出,并由此产生众多文化世家,对维护地域社会的稳定产生了重要作用。

The academy of classical learning was in the process of officialization during the Yuan-Ming-Qing period,but most academies of classical learning were sponsored by individuals and clans.The driving force behind these academies was to cultivate talents for the clans,improve cultural quality of the clans and promote the clansmen to enter political stratum by passing the Imperial Examination.The clans continued sponsoring the academy of classical learning,and made it last for long time.At the same time,the clans donated to the official academy of classical learning.As a result,a great number of Confucian talents appeared during the Yuan-Ming-Qing period,giving rise to numerous cultural elite families that played a crucial role in maintaining social stability within their regions.