围妊娠期接种新型冠状病毒肺炎疫苗对妊娠结局的影响

Effect of COVID-19 Vaccine Inoculation on Pregnancy Outcome during Peri-Pregnancy

目的:探讨围妊娠期接种新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)疫苗对妊娠结局的影响,为围妊娠期女性接种COVID-19疫苗的免疫策略提供参考依据。方法:回顾性分析2021年5月—2022年11月于芜湖市第一人民医院及医联体医院住院分娩或流产、早产的1987例孕产妇的临床和妊娠结局资料,根据是否接种COVID-19疫苗分为接种疫苗组(n=1346)和未接种疫苗组(n=641),分析2组临床资料、妊娠结局、孕产妇合并症/并发症及新生儿结局。结果:1346例孕产妇接种灭活疫苗913例(67.83%)、重组亚单位疫苗417例(30.98%)及腺病毒载体疫苗16例(1.19%)。接种疫苗组经产妇比例高于未接种疫苗组(60.18%vs.35.22%,P<0.001),妊娠期高血压疾病发生率低于未接种疫苗组(4.61%vs.7.49%,P=0.009)。2组妊娠期糖尿病、妊娠期贫血、胎膜早破、羊水污染、产后出血、产褥期感染、早产儿、新生儿畸形、低出生体质量儿、入住新生儿重症监护病房、新生儿分娩后5 min Apgar评分≤7分的发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论:围妊娠期女性接种COVID-19疫苗与母婴不良妊娠结局无关。

Objective:To explore the effect of peri-pregnancy vaccination with a novel coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)vaccine on pregnancy outcome and to provide a reference basis for the immunization strategies for peri-pregnant women with COVID-19 vaccine.Methods:The clinical and pregnancy outcome data of 1987 pregnant women who were hospitalized in the First People′s Hospital of Wuhu and Medical Association Hospital from May 2021 to November 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.According to whether they were vaccinated with COVID-19 vaccine,they were divided into vaccinated group(n=1346)and unvaccinated group(n=641).The clinical data,pregnancy outcomes,maternal complications and neonatal outcomes of the two groups were analyzed.Results:1346 pregnant women were vaccinated with inactivated vaccine in 913 cases(67.83%),recombinant subunit vaccine in 417 cases(30.98%)and adenovirus vector vaccine in 16 cases(1.19%).The proportion of postpartum women in the vaccinated group was higher than that in the unvaccinated group(60.18%vs.35.22%,P<0.001),and the incidence of hypertension disorder in pregnancy was lower than that in the unvaccinated group(4.61%vs.7.49%,P=0.009).There was no significant difference between the two groups in the incidence of diabetes in pregnancy,anemia in pregnancy,premature rupture of membranes,amniotic fluid pollution,postpartum hemorrhage,puerperal infection,preterm infants,neonatal malformations,low birth weight infants,admission to the NICU,and the incidence of Apgar score≤7 points 5 minutes after delivery(all P>0.05).Conclusions:The COVID-19 vaccination in peri-pregnant women is not associated with adverse maternal and infant pregnancy outcomes.