宝鸡市不同立地鲜食核桃幼龄园座果率调查与栽植技术试验

Fruit Setting Rate and Cultivation Techniques of Fresh Walnut from Young Orchards at Different Site Conditions

为给宝鸡市黄土丘陵区鲜食核桃优良品种“西林3号”栽植提供技术支撑,在主产区千阳县进行了不同坡位、坡向幼龄园挂果、成果率调查,和喷施“协同钙”营养液、机耕施肥效果试验,结果为不同坡位、不同坡向对幼龄核桃园单株幼果数、成果数、成果率都有显著影响,其中中下部台田在这3个指标上都是优于上部台田,与西向相比东向、南向有利于植株挂果和成果;机耕开沟施肥会降低成果率,喷施“协同钙”可以提高成果率。建议“西林3号”品种优先规划在中下部南向、东向台田,栽植管理中可采取喷施“协同钙”和人工穴施肥的方法提高成果率,避免机耕开沟施肥。

In order to provide technical support for the planting of“Xilin No.3”,an excellent variety of fresh edible walnut in the loess hilly area of Baoji City,an investigation was carried out in the main producing area of Qianyang County in different slope locations,slope direction,fruit bearing and fruit yield of young orchard,as well as the effects of spraying“calcium”nutrient solution and mechanical tillage and fertilization.The results showed that different slope position and slope directions had significant effects on the number of young fruit,fruit number and fruiting rate per plant in young walnut orchard.The middle and lower terrace fields were superior to the upper terrace sites in these three indexes,and the east and south directions were more beneficial to fruit bearing and fruit formation than the west direction.Machine tillage and furrow fertilization can reduce the fruit yield,and spraying“calcium”nutrient solution can increase the fruit yield.It is suggested that“Xilin No.3”variety should be prioritized in the middle and lower part of the southern and eastern platform fields,and calcium solution and artificial hole fertilization can be adopted in planting to improve the fruit yield,and avoid machine tillage and ditch fertilization.