营养治疗对妊娠期糖尿病患者母婴结局的影响

Influence of nutritional therapy on pregnancy outcome of pregnant women with diabetes

目的探究营养治疗对妊娠期糖尿病患者的临床有效性及其对母婴结局的影响。方法选取80例妊娠期糖尿病患者,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和试验组,每组40例。对照组给予常规疗法,试验组给予营养治疗。比较两组治疗前后血糖水平、妊娠并发症发生情况、孕前体重、孕期增加体重和新生儿体重。结果治疗后,试验组的空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖水平均明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组患者妊娠并发症发生率为2.50%,明显低于对照组的15.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组孕前体重比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);试验组孕妇孕期增加体重及新生儿体重均小于对照组,且较为合理,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论营养治疗可有效改善妊娠期糖尿病患者的血糖水平,并将患者和胎儿的体重控制在合理范围内,降低并发症发生率,获得良好的妊娠结局,值得应用与进一步推广。

Objective To explore the clinical effectiveness of nutritional therapy on patients with gestational diabetes mellitus,and to study the impact of nutritional therapy on their maternal and infant pregnancy outcomes.Methods A total of 80 patients with gestational diabetes were selected and randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group by the random number table method,40 cases in each group.The control group was given conventional therapy,and the experimental group was given nutritional treatment.The blood glucose level before and after treatment,pregnancy complications,weight before pregnancy,weight gain during pregnancy and newborn weight between the two groups were compared.Results After treatment,the levels of fasting blood glucose and 2 h postprandial blood glucose in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of pregnancy complications in the experimental group was 2.50%,which was significantly lower than 15.00%in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in pre pregnancy weight between the two groups(P>0.05);The weight gain of pregnant women in the experimental group during pregnancy and the birth weight of newborns were both significantly lower than those in the control group,the diferences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Nutritional therapy can effectively improve the blood sugar level of diabetes patients during pregnancy,control the weight of patients and fetuses within a reasonable range,reduce the incidence of complications,and obtain a good pregnancy outcome,which is worthy of application and furtherpromotion.