金海陵王的对宋遣使与“伐宋”之败

King of Hailing’s Envoy to the Song Dynasty and the Failure to Attack the Song Dynasty

关于海陵王攻宋失败的原因,学界以往多从内政、军事、外部因素等进行分析,而少有关注海陵对宋遣使与其失败间的关联。海陵王即位后,因得位不正,以及对宗室、异己势力的打压、残杀,导致其对女真人颇有所忌,并转而重用非女真人和宠信臣僚,在对宋遣使中亦是如此。然而,即便对于非女真人,海陵王也并未完全信任,而忽视使宋归来的使臣意见,更兼未做好遣宋使臣的保密工作而泄露南侵之谋,间接导致其最终的失败。

Regarding the reasons for the failure of Hailing,scholars have mostly analyzed the reasons from internal affairs,military and external factors,but little attention has been paid to the connection between Hailing's sending envoys to the Song Dynasty and his failure.After King of Hailing's accession to the throne abnormally,as well as his suppression and brutalization of the clan and dissidents,led him to betaboo of the Jurchen and to use non-Jurchen and favored officials instead,including in his mission to the Song Dynasty.However,even for the non-Jurchen,Hailin didn't fully trust them,and ignored the opinions of the ambassadors who returned from the Song Dynasty,and failed to keep the secret of the ambassadors,which led to the eventual failure of his plan to invade the South.