模锻方法对铝合金轴叉锻造成形的影响

Influence of die forging method on forging forming for aluminum alloy shaft fork

通过模拟和实验相结合的方法研究了一步成形和两步成形的模锻方法对6061铝合金轴叉锻造成形的影响。模拟结果表明:两步成形锻件的叉耳盲孔附近的等效应变值和等效应力值比一步成形锻件小;实验结果表明:一步成形和两步成形的锻件均表现为轴叉杆部的力学性能最好,抗拉强度达到362 MPa,屈服强度达到329 MPa,伸长率达到15.2%。两步成形的锻件在叉耳盲孔附近的抗拉强度、屈服强度、伸长率均大于一步成形的锻件,但其他部位的力学性能差异较小。两步成形的锻件在叉耳盲孔附近的晶粒尺寸较小且析出相分布均匀,一步成形的锻件在此处的晶粒较大,析出相分布不均匀且晶粒粗大。综合比较,两步模锻成形方法优于一步成形方法。

The influences of die forging methods of one-step forming and two-step forming on the forging of 6061 aluminum alloy shaft forks were analyzed by simulation and experiment.The simulation results show that the equivalent strain and equivalent stress values near the blind hole of fork ear for forgings in the two-step forming are smaller than that in the one-step forming.The experiment results show that the forgings obtained by one-step forming and two-step forming both show that the mechanical properties of shaft fork rod are the best,with the tensile strength of 362 MPa,the yield strength of 329 MPa and the elongation of 15.2%.The tensile strength,yield strength and elongation of the forgings by two-step forming near the blind hole of fork ear are larger than that by the one-step forming,and the mechanical properties of other parts are not significantly different.The two-step forming forgings have smaller grain size near the blind hole of fork ear,and the distribution of precipitated phase is uniform.However,the one-step forming forgings have larger grain size at this location,uneven distribution of precipitated phases which have coarse grains.Thus,by comprehensive comparison,the two-step forming method of die forging is better than the one-step forming method.