基于SPCS的心理训练干预青少年举重运动员的实验研究

Effects of psychological training based on SPCS in adolescent weightlifters

目的探讨青少年举重运动员利用生理相干与自主平衡系统(SPCS)进行系统心理训练后心率变异性的变化,并探讨心理训练对举重运动员试举成功率的影响。方法19名青少年举重运动员,分为研究组(n=10)和对照组(n=9),对照组运动员使用单机版小游戏进行放松,研究组应用基于SPCS系统的心理训练,训练前后利用SPCS采集运动员安静平卧状态的心率变异性各项指标,记录训练前后的两次成绩测验中运动员的试举成功率并加以比较。结果训练后研究组协调指数、稳定指数、评价分数以及TP、LF、HF均较训练前升高(P<0.05),LF/HF较训练前降低(P<0.05);训练后对照组PNN50较训练前降低(P<0.05);训练后研究组协调指数、稳定指数、评价分数、TP、LF及HF均高于对照组(P<0.05)。训练后研究组抓举成功率、总试举成功率均高于训练前(P<0.05)。训练后研究组试举总成功率高于对照组(P<0.05)。心率变异性时域指标PNN50与试举成功率呈正相关(P<0.05),而频域指标VLF及LF/HF比值与试举成功率呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论基于SPCS的心理训练可以明显增强举重运动员的心率变异性水平,增强心理调控能力,提高运动员试举成功率。

Objective To explore the changes of heart rate variability(HRV)after systematic psychological training using Self-generate Physiological Coherence System(SPCS)in adolescent weightlifters,and to probe the effects of psychological training on weightlifters’success rates of attempt lifts.Methods A total of 19 adolescent weightlifters were selected and randomly divided into study group(n=10)trained with psychological training based on SPCS and control group(n=9)using stand-alone mini-games to relax.Before and after the intervention,SPCS was used to collect HRV parameters when weightlifters lay quietly and to compare success rates of attempt lifts before and after the intervention.Results After intervention,coordination index,stability index,evaluation score and TP,LF,HF were all significantly increased and LF/HF was significantly decreased compared with those before intervention in study group(P<0.05);PNN50 in control group was significantly decreased compared with that before intervention(P<0.05).After intervention,coordination index,stability index,evaluation score and TP,LF,HF in study group were all significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.05).After intervention,success rates of snatches and attempt lifts in study group all increased compared with those before intervention(P<0.05),and the success rate of attempt lifts in study group was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05).PNN50 as a traditional time domain index of HRV was positively correlated with the success rate of attempt lifts(P<0.05),while the frequency domain VLF and LF/HF were negatively correlated with the success rate of attempt lifts(P<0.05).Conclusion Psychological training based on SPCS can significantly enhance the HRV level in weightlifters,improve the ability of psychological regulation,and increase the success rate of attempt lifts.