前文物时代:广西少数民族物件的早期采集史研究(1928~1949)——广西少数民族文物征集系列研究论文之一

PRE-CULTURAL RELIC ERA:A STUDY ON THE EARLY COLLEC⁃TION HISTORY OF ETHNIC OBJECTS IN GUANGXI(1928~1949):Paper I of Serial Studies on the Collection of Ethnic Cultural Relic in Guangxi

1928年至1949年,在广西开展的少数民族物件征集是中国早期民族志物件采集史上的重要一环,民族学及相关学科的学术取向、本地机构的职责需要共同推动了物件的采集。期间,参与采集的机构与人员为数众多,他们视物件为其研究的“标本”或“民物”,在采集的方法上与实地调查结合紧密,将瑶族物件作为采集的重点,并以凸显物件的民族性为侧重。这些“前文物时代”的采集实践开创了民族文物的科学采集范式、展现了广西作为多民族边疆的新貌、确立了“物件民族志”的研究方法、完成了“物件”的博物馆化进程。

From 1928 to 1949,the collection of ethnic objects in Guangxi was an important part of the early history of ethnographic objects collection in China,and the academic orientation of ethnology and related disciplines and the duty-bound needs of local institutions had promoted together the collection of objects.During this period,there were a large number of institutions and staffs involved in the collection,and they regarded the objects as“specimen”or“folk objects”for re-search,by integrating collection method with field investigations tightly,treating Yao ethnic objects as the focus of collection,and highlighting the objects’ethnic characteristics.These“precultural relic era”collection practices have initiated the scientific collection paradigm of ethnic cultural relic,demonstrated the new look of Guangxi as a multiethnic frontier,established the research method of“object ethnography”,and realized the museumization process of objects.