HIV感染孕妇的应对方式及相关因素分析

Coping strategies and their correlation factors in HIV-infected pregnant women

目的调查HIV感染孕妇的应对方式并分析其影响因素。方法选取2019年5月—2022年1月在广州医科大学附属市八医院就诊的HIV感染孕妇300例作为样本,采用自编人口学调查问卷、自评抑郁量表(self-rated depression scale,SDS)、焦虑自评量表(self-ratedanxietyscale,SAS)、Buffalo艾滋病相关生活事件调查表(buffalo hiv life events survey,BHLES)、社会支持评定量表(social support rating scale,SSRS)以及医学应对方式问卷(medical coping modes questionnaire,MCMQ)进行调查。结果与全国常模比较,HIV感染孕妇面对应对方式得分低于常模(P<0.001),回避和屈服应对方式得分高于常模(均P<0.001)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,HIV感染孕妇面对应对方式的影响因素有孕前HIV感染知情、计划怀孕、艾滋病症状及SAS总分;回避应对方式的影响因素有家庭月收入、BHLES总分及支持总分;屈服应对方式的影响因素是SDS总分。结论HIV感染孕妇多采用回避和屈服应对方式。应加强患者心理疏导以及社会支持。

Objective To analyze the coping strategies and their correlation factors in human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-infected pregnant women.Methods A total of 300 HIV-infected pregnant women admitted to Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital,Guangzhou Medical University from May 2019 to January 2022 were selected in the study.Demographic questionnaires,SDS,SAS,BHLES,SSRS and MCMQ were used for the investigation.Results Compared to the national norm,the coping strategy scores of HIV-infected pregnant women were lower than the norm(P<0.001),while the scores of the two coping strategies:avoidance and yielding,were higher than the norm(both P<0.001).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the influencing factors for coping strategies in HIV-infected pregnant women included informed notice of pre-pregnancy HIV infection,pregnancy planning,AIDS symptoms and SAS total score.The influencing factors of avoidance included family monthly income,BHLES total score and support total score.The influencing factors of yielding including SDS total score.Conclusion Avoidance and yielding are the main coping strategies by HIV-infected pregnant women.Psychological counseling during pregnancy and social support should be strengthened.