动词义素的重新分布与中动结构的生成

On the Redistribution of Verb Sememes and the Generation of Middle Constructions

动词的论元结构决定动词谓语句的句法结构,动词通过与特定的论元合并生成某种论元结构,达成语义表现。与某些罗曼语的中动结构相似,英语中动结构的谓语动词在词库中合并一个反身代词附着语,因此,其义素重新分布,[+RELATIONAL]义素加强,其他义素如[+DYNAMIC][+ACTION][+CAUSATIVE]减弱,导致中动结构的各种句法、语义表现。

The argument structure of verbs determines the syntactic structure of verb predicate sentences.The verb fulfills its semantic expression and generates a particular argument structure through merging with specific arguments.Like middle constructions in some Roman languages,the English middle construction predicate merges with a refl exive clitic in the Lexicon and its sememes are redistributed.The sememe[+RELATIONAL]gets strengthened,and other sememes,such as[+DYNAMIC][+ACTION][+CAUSATIVE],get weakened,which leads to various syntactic and semantic expressions of middle constructions.