农村污水PPCPs赋存及处理技术研究进展

Research Progress on Occurrence and Treatment Technology of PPCPs in Rural Wastewater

随着社会经济的发展,农村地区药品和个人护理品(PPCPs)的使用量不断增加。残留的PPCPs进入到水体中会对生态环境和人类健康造成威胁。文中对农村污水中PPCPs的来源以及赋存情况进行了分析。结果表明,人类用药、生活洗护和养殖用药是农村污水中PPCPs的主要来源;农村污水中检出的PPCPs成分包括抗生素、类固醇类激素以及杀生剂等;农村地区的消费模式、季节变化以及土地利用方式对于污水中PPCPs的组成有很大影响。此外,对污水中PPCPs的研究现状进行了文献计量,通过关键词的聚类分析明确了吸附、人工湿地以及膜生物反应器等PPCPs关键去除技术是目前研究的热点。在此基础上,介绍了以上技术对污水中PPCPs去除的反应机理,并探讨了其在农村地区的适用情况。最后,分析了使用微藻技术实现农村污水PPCPs去除的可行性,以实现污水处理过程的低碳排放。

With the development of social economy,the utilization of pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs)has been increasing in rural areas.Residual PPCPs enter the water environment,which pose a threat to the ecological environment and human health.This paper analyzes the source and occurrence of PPCPs in rural wastewater.Results show that the main sources of PPCPs in rural wastewater include human medication,domestic cleaning and veterinary drugs.The components of PPCPs detected in rural wastewater include antibiotics,steroid hormones and biocides.Consumption patterns,seasonal variation and land use in rural areas have a great impact on the composition of PPCPs in wastewater.In addition,this paper conducts a bibliometric analysis of the research status of PPCPs in wastewater.The key PPCPs treatment technologies such as adsorption,constructed wetlands and membrane bioreactors are identified as research hotspots through the cluster analysis of keywords.On this basis,the reaction mechanism of the above technologies to remove PPCPs from wastewater is reviewed,and their applicability in rural areas is discussed.Finally,the feasibility of microalgae treatment technology for PPCPs in rural wastewater is proposed to achieve low carbon emissions in the wastewater treatment process.