基于数字承诺的去中心化区块链交易方案

Decentralized blockchain transaction scheme based on digital commitment

区块链是基于区块之间的信息交互的安全交易框架,具有高度的信息公开性和去中心化性.张小艳等提出一种结合数字承诺和加密算法的交易框架,可以实现在交易过程中隐藏交易金额数目的功能,但其存在两个问题:交易过程的记录需要由全功能记账节点来执行,使得交易过程不能实现区块链的去中心化;交易中需要多次传输交易中产生的参数和交易金额,存在数据泄露的风险.因此根据上述问题进行改进,提出了基于数字承诺的多密钥同态加密交易方案.在这个方案中,区块链中的每个节点都执行记账功能,交易金额被隐藏在承诺中,相关参数不需要在网络中多次传输,交易方的账户余额经过同态加密后可以直接在加密状态下进行更新.该交易方案清晰明了并且具有很高的安全性,为区块链中的安全交易框架提供了新的思路.

As a security transaction framework based on information transaction between blocks,blockchain has a high degree of transparency and decentralization.Zhang Xiaoyan et al.proposed a transaction framework which combines digital commitment and cryptographic algorithm,which can hide the transaction amount during transaction process.However,there are two problems should be considered.First,the recording of the transaction process is operated by trusted full-functional accounting nodes,making the process not decentralized for the blockchain.Secondly,there is also a risk of data leakage during transaction process as the transaction amounts and correlation parameters are required to be transmitted multiple times.In order to solve the above problems,this paper proposes a multi-key homomorphic encryption transaction scheme based on digital commitment with every node records transaction data.The transaction amount hidden in the commitment can be directly updated in the encrypted state,and correlation parameters do not need to be transmitted multiple times.The transaction scheme proposed in this paper has higher efficiency and provable security,which provides a novel idea for the security transaction framework in the blockchain.