补救性心理健康教育对肺结核患者治疗效果的影响

Influence of remedial mental health education on therapeutic effect of pulmonary tuberculosis patients

目的 探讨对肺结核患者的心理健康教育方法,提升肺结核患者规范治疗的依从性,进一步提高治疗效果。方法 选择2017年1月-2021年12月在山东省东营市某医院接受规范化治疗的肺结核患者134例,其中以单月来院登记治疗者63例为观察组,双月来院登记治疗者71例为对照组。在治疗登记、每月督导、强化期治疗末等节点,对照组实施常规健康教育方法,观察组在实施常规健康教育方法的同时开展补救性心理健康教育。采用SCL-90量表评价两组患者干预前后心理状态,采用Morisky服药依从性量表(MMAS)评价患者服药依从性。结果 干预后,观察组阳性项目数、躯体化、强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、恐惧指标评分均低于对照组(t值分别为1.996、2.750、2.130、2.260、2.307、2.178,P均<0.05)。干预后,观察组治疗依从性好的比例高于对照组(χ^(2)=4.57,P<0.05)。结论 补救性心理健康教育可有效改善肺结核患者的心理状态,提高服药依从性。

Objective To explore the methods of mental health education for patients with pulmonary tuberculosis,to enhance the compliance of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis with standardized treatment,and to further improve the treatment effect.Methods From January 2017 to December 2021,134 patients with tuberculosis who received standardized treatment in a hospital in Dongying city,Shandong province were selected,of which 63 patients who came to the hospital for registration and treatment in odd-numbered months were used as the observation group,and 71 patients who came to the hospital for registration and treatment in even-numbered months were used as the control group.At the stages of treatment registration,monthly supervision,and end of intensive treatment,the control group received routine health education methods,while the observation group received remedial mental health education while receiving routine health education methods.SCL-90 scale was used to evaluate the psychological state of the two groups,and Morisky medication compliance scale(MMAS)was used to evaluate the medication compliance of the patients.Results In terms of 6 factor indicators such as positive item count,somatization,obsessive-compulsive symptoms,depression,anxiety,and fear,the observation group had better results than the control group(t was 1.996,2.750,2.130,2.260,2.307,2.178,respectively,all P<0.05).The observation group showed higher percentage of good medication adherence than the control group after intervention(χ^(2)=4.57,P<0.05).Conclusion Remedial mental health education can effectively improve the psychological state of pulmonary tuberculosis patients and improve their compliance with medication.