口述史视域下黄河口非遗传承人保护路径研究

Study on the Protection Path of Non-Genetic Inheritors of the Yellow Estuary in the Perspective of Oral History

非物质文化遗产的传承人在非遗的传承与保护中占据着重要的地位,传承人口述史的调查研究逐渐被关注。该文通过田野调查、访谈的方法,选取黄河口具有代表性的非遗项目,包括吕剧、陈官短穗花鼓、黄河口草编、盐垛斗虎、广饶齐笔制作技艺、东营区辛店街道刘家花馍等,对其最主要的传承人进行口述史访谈,搜集第一手资料,了解传承人的基本现状。研究发现,传承人缺位、经济保障未落实,以及后继无人是传承人保护存在的主要问题。建立完善的传承人保护机制、地方加大对传承人的支持、设立专门的地方保护非遗项目,以及有计划地选拔传承人进行深造和培训,对传承人的保护具有重大意义。

The inheritors of Intangible cultural heritage occupy an important position in the inheritance and protection of intangible cultural heritage,and the investigation and research on the history of inheriting population has gradually been concerned.By means of Field research and interview,this paper selects the representative intangible cultural heritage projects in Huanghekou,including Lyv Opera,Chen Guan's Short Spike Flower Drum,Huanghekou's straw weaving,salt pile fighting tiger,Guangrao Qibi's production skills,Liu's flower bun in Xindian Street,Dongying District,etc.,and conducts oral history interviews with its most important inheritors to collect first-hand information and understand the basic status of inheritors.Research has found that the main problems in the protection of inheritors are the absence of inheritors,the lack of economic guarantees,and the lack of successors.Establishing a sound mechanism for the protection of inheritors,increasing local support for inheritors,establishing specialized local protection projects for intangible cultural heritage,and systematically selecting inheritors for further education and training are of great significance for the protection of inheritors.