基于RS和经验估计的区域房屋抗震能力评估——以纳雍县勺窝乡为例

Evaluation of Seismic Capacity of Regional Buildings Based on RS and Empirical Estimation——A Case Study of Shaowo,Nayong County

开展基于遥感和经验估计的区域房屋抗震设防能力评估,为防震减灾提供科学的数据支撑具有重要意义。以纳雍县勺窝乡为例,基于高分二号遥感影像,通过目视解译获取研究区房屋建筑数据,结合经验估计对房屋抗震设防能力开展评估工作。引入高程、坡度、坡向、地形起伏度等四个地形因子,进一步分析勺窝乡房屋抗震能力空间分布特征与地形因子之间的关系。结果表明:(1)勺窝乡房屋抗震能力普遍较差,其中估计抗震能力达标388栋,占比4.49%;疑似抗震能力不足243栋,占比2.81%;疑似抗震能力严重不足8011栋,占比92.70%。(2)估计抗震能力达标分布密集,主要集中在黄河社;疑似抗震能力不足分布稀疏,没有密集区域;疑似抗震能力严重不足整体上分布广,在局部上分布密集。(3)四个地形因子中,高程、坡度、地形起伏度三个因子对房屋抗震能力影响明显,坡向对房屋抗震能力影响不明显。

It is of great significance to evaluate the seismic fortification capacity of regional buildings based on remote sensing and empirical estimation to provide scientific data support for earthquake prevention and disaster reduction.Taking Shaowo township,Nayong county as an example,based on remote sensing images of GF-2,building data in the study area were obtained through visual interpretation,and empirical estimation was used to assess the seismic fortification capacity of buildings.The relationship between spatial distribution characteristics of seismic resistance of houses in Shaowo township and terrain factors was further analyzed by introducing four terrain factors,including elevation,slope,aspect,and topographic relief.The results showed that:(1)The seismic resistance of houses in Shaowo township was generally poor,with 388 buildings estimated to meet the seismic resistance standard,accounting for 4.49%;Suspected seismic capacity was less than 243 buildings,accounting for 2.81%;Suspected seismic capacity was seriously insufficient for 8011 buildings,accounting for 92.70%.(2)It was estimated that the distribution of seismic capacity reaching the standard was dense,mainly concentrated in the Huanghe community;Suspected of insufficient seismic capacity,sparsely distributed,without dense areas;Suspected severe seismic capacity deficiencies were widely distributed overall and densely distributed locally.(3)Among the four terrain factors,elevation,slope and topographic relief had a significant impact on the seismic capacity of buildings,while slope aspect had no significant impact on the seismic capacity of buildings.