野生葱属4个品种种子形态比较和种皮微结构观察

Comparison of Seed Morphology and SEM Observation of Seed Coat Microstructure of Four Varieties of Wild Allium

为了解野生葱属植物种子形态结构,采用体视显微镜和扫描电镜对野生葱属植物种子形态和种子表面微结构进行观察。结果表明,4个品种种子属于瘦果,外形呈倒卵形,种皮黑色带有光泽;多根葱和细叶韭种子长度与山韭和野韭种子间差异显著,多根葱和山韭种子宽度与细叶韭和野韭种子间差异显著,千粒重和长宽比在不同品种间也存在一定的差异。酸蚀和完整种子种皮微结构在不同品种间差异明显;酸蚀种子表面出现不规则破损,比完整种子表面变得平整,纹饰清晰度下降,说明酸蚀处理一定程度上促进了种子解除休眠。对不同品种完整种子种皮微结构比较后发现,细叶韭和山韭种子种皮稍凸起,山韭种子种皮网脉较厚,间距较大;多根葱和野韭种子种皮网状结构较紧密。

In order to understand seed morphology of Allium plants,the seed morphology and surface microstructure of wild Allium species were observed by stereo-microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.The results showed that the seeds of 4 varieties were achenes,obovate shape and glossy black seed coat.There were significant differences in seed length between Allium polyrhizum,Allium tenuissimum and Allium senescens,Allium ramosum,seed width between Allium polyrhizum,Allium senescens and Allium tenuissimum,Allium ramosum.1000-grain weight and length-width ratio showed some differences among different varieties.The microstructure of seed coat between contrast and acid etching treatment was obvious difference.The surface of the acid etched seeds was irregularly damaged,and the seeds surface became flat and the pattern clarity decreased,it indicated that the acid etched seeds to some extent promoted the breaking of seed dormancy.The comparing result of the contrast seed coat microstructure of different varieties,and it was found that the seed coat of Allium tenuissimum and Allium senescens were slightly raised,and the seed coat network veins of Allium senescens were thicker and the spacing was larger.The reticulate structure of the seed coat of Allium polyrhizum and Allium ramosum was close.