258份山西小麦品种(系)高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基组成分析

Analysis on the High Molecular Weight Glutenin Subunit(HMW-GS)of 258 Wheat Varities(Lines)in Shanxi Province

为了解山西省近年来育成的小麦品种(系)高分子量谷蛋白亚基组成情况,本研究利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法对山西省近年来参加省区域试验的258份小麦新品种(系)进行了高分子量谷蛋白亚基鉴定。结果表明,供试材料在位点Glu-A1、Glu-B1、Glu-D1共出现了12种亚基类型,3个位点分别以Null(73.64%)、7+9(45.35%)、5+10(41.09%)占比最高;发现了少见的亚基5+12和2.2+12,丰富了山西省小麦HMW-GS的基因库。亚基组合类型有23种,其中组合(Null、7+9、2+12)最多,频率为26.74%;其次是组合(Null、7+8、5+10),频率为16.67%;Glu-1的3个位点均具有优质亚基的组合类型有(1、7+8、5+10、1、17+18、5+10、2^(*)、7+8、5+10),共计21份材料,占比8.14%。HMW-GS评分为10分的品种(系)有21个,占8.14%,其中,圣麦104、太714、运旱1818、临研151、京麦21和圣麦101等6个品种已审定,仅占81个审定品种的7.4%。因此,优质亚基所占比例偏低仍是影响山西小麦品种品质的主要因素,今后的育种工作中应把含优质亚基多的品种充分利用起来,为改良和提升小麦品质提供优质的种质资源。

In order to understand the composition of high molecular weight glutenin subunit of wheat varieties(lines)in Shanxi Province in recent years,this study used polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis method to identify the high molecular weight glutenin subunit of 258 wheat varieties(lines)tested in provincial regional in Shanxi Province for the past few years.The results showed that there were 12 subunit types at the loci Glu-A1,Glu-B1 and Glu-D1,with the highest proportion of Null(73.64%),7+9(45.35%)and 5+10(41.09%),respectively.The rare subunits 5+12 and 2.2+12 were found,which enriched the gene pool of HMW-GS in wheat in Shanxi Province.There were 23 subunit combination types,among which the combination(Null,7+9,2+12)was the most common,with a frequency of 26.74%.The frequency of combination(Null,7+8,5+10)was 16.67%.The combination types of Glu-1 with high quality subunits at all three loci were(1,7+8,5+10,1,17+18,5+10,2^(*),7+8,5+10),accounting for 8.14% with a total of 21 materials.There were 21 varieties(lines)with HMW-GS score of 10,accounting for 8.14%,among which 6 varieties(Shengmai 104,Tai 714,Yunhan 1818,Linyan 151,Jingmai 21 and Shengmai 101)were approved,accounting for only 7.4% within the 81 approved varieties.Therefore,the low proportion of high-quality subunits was still the main factor affecting the quality of Shanxi wheat varieties.In the future breeding work,the varieties containing high-quality subunits should be fully utilized to provide high-quality germplasm resources for the future improvement and promotion of Shanxi wheat quality.