固废基道路地聚物注浆材料的组分优化及机理研究

Composition Optimization and Mechanism Study of Solid Waste Based Road Geopolymer Grouting Materials

地聚物注浆材料作为低能耗、低CO_(2)排放的清洁材料,在道路注浆领域应用前景广阔,在未来有望取代水泥注浆材料。为了探究材料组分及用量对地聚物注浆材料性能的影响,采用三种硅铝源灰料(粉煤灰、矿渣粉和煤矸石粉)与不同碱活化方式制备道路地聚物注浆材料,对其组成材料进行优选;然后,采用单因素试验对道路地聚物注浆材料的配合比范围进行优化;最后,利用X射线衍射(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)、能量色散谱(EDS)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)对道路地聚物注浆材料的物相组成、微观形貌、微区能谱和化学键组成进行分析。结果表明:以粉煤灰和矿渣粉为硅铝源灰料,KOH和水玻璃溶液为复合碱活化剂制备的道路地聚物注浆材料性能最佳;推荐道路地聚物注浆材料的配合比范围为:粉煤灰、矿渣粉质量比4∶6,水玻璃用量10%~15%(质量分数),KOH用量5%~11%(质量分数),水灰比0.50~0.65;粉煤灰和矿渣粉被碱活化后溶解并重聚生成C-(A)-S-H等无定形凝胶产物,最终形成SiO_(4)和AlO_(4)正四面体网状结构,且伴随类沸石相、碳酸盐、氢氧化钙等物质产生,这些物质可使地聚物浆体致密并促进其强度增长。

As greener and carbon-friendly material,geopolymer grouting material has a broad application potential in the field of road grouting and is expected to replace cement grouting material in the future.In order to explore the effects of the kinds and dosages of each composition on the performance of geopolymer grouting materials,three kinds of silica-aluminum sources(fly ash,slag powder and coal gangue powder)were used to prepare road geopolymer grouting materials by different alkali activators.The mix proportion range of road geopolymer grouting materials was optimized by single factor test.X-ray diffraction(XRD),field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM),energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS)and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)were used to analyze the phase composition,micro morphology,energy spectrum and chemical bond composition of road geopolymer grouting materials.The results show that road geopolymer grouting material with the best performance is prepared with fly ash and slag powder as raw materials,KOH and sodium silicate solution as composite alkali activator.The recommended mix proportion range of road geopolymer grouting material is:fly ash and slag powder mass ratio is 4∶6,sodium silicate dosage is 10%~15%(mass fraction),KOH dosage is 5%~11%(mass fraction),water-cement ratio is 0.50~0.65.The fly ash and slag powder are dissolved and regenerated by alkali activation to form amorphous gel products such as C-(A)-S-H,and finally formed SiO_(4)and AlO_(4)tetrahedron network structure,accompanied by zeolite like phase,carbonate,calcium hydroxide and other substances.These substances can make geopolymer paste compact and promote its strength growth.