人工智能自主发明的伦理挑战与治理对策

On the Countermeasures for the Ethical Challenges of Artificial Intelligence Independent Invention

人工智能技术的飞速发展带来了全新自主发明模式,也引发了一系列的伦理挑战,既涉及本身作为人类创造物的人工智能在自主发明过程中扮演发明主体角色的伦理争议,也涵盖了人工智能脱离人类干预与控制自主生成发明客体过程中由算法失灵、数据失准等情况所造成的技术伦理风险。因此,为有效应对人工智能自主发明模式的伦理挑战,有必要从人工智能的本质特征与运转机制入手厘清人工智能自主发明的伦理定位,并遵循以人为本基本伦理价值理念下算法向善与数据向善的伦理准则,通过人工智能工具性虚拟人格的创设和人工智能算法监测与数据评定指标体系的确立,建构人工智能自主发明模式的治理体系与框架。

The rapid development of artificial intelligence technology has brought a new mode of independent invention and triggered a series of ethical challenges,which not only involves the ethical dispute that artificial intelligence,as a human creation,acts as the subject of invention in the process of independent invention,but also covers the technical ethical risk caused by algorithm failure and data inaccuracy in the process of independently generating an invention object without human intervention and control.Therefore,in order to deal with the ethical challenges of the independent invention mode of artificial intelligence effectively,it is necessary to clarify the ethical orientation of artificial intelligence's independent inventions from the essential characteristics and operation mechanism of artificial intelligence,follow the ethical algorithm-to-good and data-to-good principles within the people-oriented basic ethical value framework,and establish the governance system and framework for artificial intelligence independent invention mode by creating artificial intelligence instrumental virtual personality and building an artificial intelligence algorithm monitoring and data-evaluation index system.