气管套管气囊补气装置的研制及其在气管切开行高压氧治疗患者中的应用

Development of tracheotrocar cuff filling device and application effect in hyperbaric oxygen therapy for patients with tracheotomy cannula

目的设计一款应用于高压氧治疗过程中的气管套管气囊补气装置,方便临床操作,提高工作效率,降低吸入性肺炎的发生率。方法本研究为随机对照试验,选取2020年7月至2022年6月嘉兴市第一医院行高压氧治疗的90例气管切开患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组,每组45例,试验组采用气管套管气囊补气装置维持气囊压力,对照组采用传统注水法维持气囊压力。比较2组操作时间、感染指标及吸入性肺炎的发生情况。结果试验组医护人员操作时间为(6.33±1.31)s,低于对照组的(40.96±3.70)s,差异有统计学意义(t=-59.11,P<0.05);治疗后试验组患者体温、C反应蛋白、前降钙素分别为(36.91±0.83)℃、(34.59±16.25)mg/L、(1.57±0.82)μg/L,低于对照组的(37.42±0.72)℃、(44.18±18.10)mg/L、(2.45±0.92)μg/L,差异有统计学意义(t=-3.09、-2.64、-4.73,均P<0.05);治疗后2组患者白细胞计数比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);试验组患者吸入性肺炎的发生率为11.11%(5/45),低于对照组的31.11%(14/45),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.17,P<0.05)。结论在气管切开行高压氧治疗患者中应用气管套管气囊补气装置,可简化操作流程,降低患者感染及吸入性肺炎的发生率,优化临床工作。

ObjectiveTo design a tracheotomy cannula cuff filling device for hyperbaric oxygen therapy,which is convenient for clinical operation,improves work efficiency and reduces the incidence of aspiration pneumonia.MethodsThis study was a randomized controlled trial.From July 2020 to June 2022,90 patients with tracheotomy who were treated with hyperbaric oxygen in the First Hospital of Jiaxing were selected as the research objects.According to the random number table method,the patients were divided into the experimental group and the control group,with 45 cases in each group.In the experimental group,the cuff pressure was maintained by the tracheotomy cannula cuff filling device,and in the control group,the traditional water injection method was used to maintain the cuff pressure.The operation time,infection index and incidence of aspiration pneumonia were compared between the two groups.ResultsThe operation time in the experimental group was(6.33±1.31)s lower than that in the control group(40.96±3.70)s,and the difference was statistically significant(t=-59.11,P<0.05).Body temperature,C-reactive protein and procalcitonin after treatment in the experimental group were(36.91±0.83)℃,(34.59±16.25)mg/L,(1.57±0.82)μg/L,respectively,lower than those in the control group(37.42±0.72)℃,(44.18±18.10)mg/L,(2.45±0.92)μg/L,the differences were statistically significant(t=-3.09,-2.64,-4.73,all P<0.05).The difference of white blood cell count post-treatment between the two groups was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The incidence of aspiration pneumonia in the experimental group was 11.11%(5/45)lower than 31.11%(14/45)in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=5.17,P<0.05).ConclusionsThe application of tracheotomy cannula cuff filling device can simplify the operation process,reduce the incidence of infection and aspiration pneumonia,and optimize the clinical work.