七角井遗址与史前丝绸之路上的细石器

The Qijiaojing Site and the Microliths along the Prehistoric Silk Road

七角井遗址是新疆发现最早、石制品最丰富的细石器遗址之一,在2019年的新地点的调查中,考古队在七角井遗址发现了一处保留原始埋藏信息的石制品加工场,首次将遗址的年代测定在距今1.1万年左右,填补了新疆地区史前文化框架中更新世末期至全新世早期阶段的空白。新地点发现的以楔形石核为主要特征的细石器组合揭示出七角井遗址与东北亚细石器之间的密切联系。结合中亚地区的细石器材料可以看出,早在农业因素出现之前,沟通旧大陆东西侧的“史前丝绸之路”就已经存在,新疆地区更新世末期至全新世初期的考古学文化受到了自东向西和自西向东两个方向的人群迁徙与文化传播影响,呈现出非常多样的面貌。

The Qijiaojing site is one of the microlithic sites in Xinjiang that was earliest discovered and has the richest lithic assemblages.During the expedition of the new locations in 2019,our archaeological team discovered a lithic processing workshop that retains the information of original deposition,which dates the site to 1100 years B.P.for the first time.This flls in the void between the terminal Pleistocene and the early Holocene in the prehistoric cultural framework of Xinjiang.The microlithic assemblage featuring wedge-shaped microblade core reveals the close relationship between the Qijiaojing site and the microliths of northeast Asia.Combining with microlithic data from the Central Asia,it is shown that well before the emergence of agricultural element,the prehistoric Silk Road that linked the eastern and western sides of the Old World already existed.The archaeological cultures between the terminal Pleistocene and the early Holocene in Xinjiang area were influenced by both eastward and westward population migration and cultural transmissions,thus displaying a very diverse cultural landscape.