摘要
生物多样性与生态系统服务密切相关,但二者间的复杂关系和反馈机制尚未明晰。本研究以乌江流域为研究区域,基于物种空间分布格局,使用Max Ent模型、Zonation软件评估了乌江流域的生物多样性,并应用In VEST模型核算各项生态系统服务,运用随机森林模型、部分依赖图模型(PDP模型)分析了生物多样性与生态系统服务间的相互关系。结果显示:乌江流域的生物多样性呈东北高西南低的分布特征,表现为下游>中游>上游;2020年,乌江流域的水源供给量为810.57 mm/m^(2),粮食供给量为735.08 kg/ha,固碳服务为134.00 Mg/ha,水源涵养量为227.98 mm/m^(2),土壤保持量为401.30 t/ha,生境质量为0.68;水源供给和水源涵养对生物多样性的贡献度较高,分别为66.24%和44.72%;除粮食供给这种依赖人为活动的生态系统服务外,生物多样性与各生态系统服务均呈正相关。研究说明,受气候和人类活动影响较大的生态系统服务驱使着生物多样性的改变,但对于依赖生物功能的生态系统服务,生物多样性是其重要调节因素。
Aims:There is a close relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem services.This study seeks to clarify the complex relationships and feedback mechanisms experienced between biodiversity and ecosystem services.Method:Based on the spatial distribution pattern of species,this study utilized the MaxEnt model and Zonation software to evaluate the biodiversity of the Wujiang River Basin and applied the InVEST(integrated valuation of ecosystem services and tradeoffs)model to account for various ecosystem services.The study also used the random forest and partial dependence plot(PDP)machine learning models to analyze the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem services in the Wujiang River Basin.Results:The results showed that the biodiversity in the northeast of the Wujiang River Basin exhibited a distribution pattern of high,while in the southwest,the distribution pattern was low,with the downstream>midstream>upstream.In 2020,the Wujiang River Basin water supply was 810.57 mm/m^(2);the food supply was 735.08 kg/ha;carbon fixation was 134.00 Mg/ha;water conservation capacity was 227.98 mm/m^(2);soil conservation capacity was 401.30 t/ha,and the habitat quality was 0.68.Water supply,accounting for 66.24%,and water conservation,accounting for 44.72%,had relatively high contributions to biodiversity.Except for food supply,an ecosystem service that relies on human activities,all other ecosystem services positively correlated with biodiversity.Conclusion:The study indicate that ecosystem services influenced strongly by climate and human activities drive changes in biodiversity,but biodiversity is a regulatory factor of some importance for ecosystem services that depend on biological functions.
作者
杨俊毅
关潇
李俊生
刘晶晶
郝颢晶
王槐睿
Junyi Yang;Xiao Guan;Junsheng Li;Jingjing Liu;Haojing Hao;Huairui Wang(State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-process and Function Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012;Command Center for Comprehensive Survey of Natural Resources,China Geological Survey Bureau,Beijing 100055;Hainan Radiation Environment Monitoring Station,Haikou 570100)
出处
《生物多样性》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第7期128-137,共10页
Biodiversity Science
基金
国家重点研发计划(2020YFC1807704)。
关键词
乌江流域
生物多样性
生态系统服务
空间分布格局
Wujiang River Basin
biodiversity
ecosystem services
spatial distribution pattern