魏晋时期河洛地区的水旱灾害与应对措施

Flood and Drought Disasters and Countermeasures in Heluo Area during the Wei and Jin Dynasties

魏晋时期的河洛地区水旱灾害较为频繁,平均每2.11年就有一次水旱灾害发生。频繁的水旱灾害在影响普通民众生产生活的同时,也影响到了政权和社会的稳定。因此,统治者灾前鼓励农业生产,修建水利工程,储存粮食;灾后则开仓放粮,发放物资,减免赋税,祭祀祈雨,遣返人员归家,尽可能地采取积极的措施应对灾害。在应对自然灾害的过程中,魏晋统治者积累的丰富经验不仅在当时产生了良好效果,还为后世救灾工作的开展提供了有益借鉴。

The flood and drought disasters in Heluo area in the Wei and Jin Dynasties were frequent with one disaster every 2.11 years on average.These disasters affected not only the production and life of ordinary people but also the stability of the regime and society,so the governors took active measures to deal with the disasters.Before the disaster,the governments encouraged agricultural production,built water conservancy projects,and stored grain.After the disaster,the governments opened warehouses to release grain,distributed materials,reduced taxes,sacrificed to pray for rain,and repatriated people to return their homes.The rich experience of dealing with natural disasters accumulated by the governments of the Wei and Jin Dynasties not only produced good results at that time,but also provided useful reference for the disaster relief work in later generations.