大学教学改革:现状及推进策略——基于对224名研究型大学一线教师的调查分析

Status analysis and Promotion Strategies of Teaching Reform at Universities——A Survey Based on Front-line Teachers

中国式教育现代化需要走在世界前列的高质量、高水平的高等教育,大学教学改革是实现这一目标的关键一环。文章采用问卷调查与深度访谈相结合的方式从一线教师的视角对大学教学改革现实状况进行调研。研究结果表明:一线教师对教学改革的落实执与政策倡导存在较大差距;教师普遍忽略教学改革的学术价值,未将教学改革放到与科学研究同等位置;计入考核绩效的教学工作量与教学改革实际投入不匹配;教师对教学改革的内涵和观念普遍存在认知偏差;受限于高校相关政策和个人兴趣,教师参与教学改革的意识与行动意愿不高。为了促进教师参与教学改革,实现中国式教育现代化,高校要营造教学改革文化,尊崇教师对人才培养的敬业精神;要落实教学改革在职称条件中的认可机制;要强化对教师参与教学改革的奖励激励;要改善管理职能,为教师搭建交流学习的平台;要实施范式转型,让一线教师确立以“育人”为归旨的教育原点。

The modernization of Chinese education requires high quality and high-level higher education.The university teaching reform is a key link to achieve this goal.This study adopts the synergic method of questionnaire survey and in-depth interview to investigate the reality of the university teaching reform from the perspective of front-line teacher.The results indicate that there is a big distance between teachers'implementation of teaching reform and the advocacy policy.Besides,the academic value of teaching reform are generally ignored,and have not been considered so important as academic research.There is a mismatch between the evaluation of teaching work and the participation in teaching reform.Moreover,a general cognitive bias still exists in teachers'conception of teaching reform due to the relevant policies and their personal research interests.Therefore,teachers'awareness and willingness to participate in teaching reform are generally low.The following suggestions are made for university teachers'participation in undergraduate teaching reform.First,it is urgent to create a culture of highlighting teaching reform and respecting teachers'dedication to talent cultivation.Second,it is significant to implement the recognition mechanism of teaching reform in the promotion of professional title.Third,it is essential to strengthen the incentives for teachers'participation in teaching reform.Fourth,it is indispensable to improve the management function and build a platform for communication and learning.Fifth,it is important to transform the paradigm and let teachers establish student-oriented education.