摘要
[目的]阐明侵蚀作用对黑土区坡耕地侵蚀沟土壤结构及抗蚀性的影响机制,为黑土区坡耕地侵蚀沟道演变提供基础数据和理论支撑。[方法]以哈尔滨市延寿县不同发育程度侵蚀沟为研究对象,对切沟的沟头、沟坡和沟底土壤进行系统采样,采用常规方法测定土壤的结构及抗蚀性特征。[结果](1)各沟道间WSA(10~0.25 mm水稳性团聚体含量)、MWD(水稳性团聚体平均重量直径)、GMD(水稳性团聚体几何平均直径)、分形维数均差异性显著(p<0.05)。随着侵蚀沟发育,MWD,GMD,分形维数在0—20 cm土层均呈〔CK(对照)>A_(1)(稳定沟)>A_(2)(半稳定沟前期)>A_(3)(半稳定沟后期)>A_(4)(发展沟)〕,为递减趋势;随着土层加深,大颗粒水稳性团聚体含量下降,结构恶化。(2)各沟道间分散系数、<0.05 mm分散率差异性显著(p<0.05)。二者在0—40 cm土层总体呈递增趋势;主成分分析表明0—20 cm与20—40 cm土层的抗蚀性综合得分表现为CK>A_(1)>A_(2)>A_(3)>A_(4)。[结论]侵蚀沟发育是造成黑土土壤结构与抗蚀性差异的主要原因,0—40 cm土层中土壤结构趋于恶化,土壤抗蚀性减弱,可蚀性增强。
[Objective]The aims of this study are to elucidate the mechanism of erosion gully on the soil structure and anti-erodibility in sloping farmland in black soil area,and to provide basic data and theoretical support for the evolution of erosion gullies in black soil area.[Methods]Erosion gullies of different development degrees in Yanshou County,Harbin City were used as the study object,soil samples were systematically collected from the head,slope and bottom of these gullies,the structural and anti-erodibility of the soil were analyzed using conventional methods.[Results](1)WSA,MWD,GMD,and fractal dimension were significantly different among the gullies(p<0.05).With the development of erosion gullies,MWD,GMD and fractal dimension all showed the decreasing trend,following the order:CK(control group)>A_(1)(stable gully)>A_(2)(early semi-stable gully)>A_(3)(later semi-stable gully)>A_(4)(developing gully)at the 0—20 cm layer.With the soil layer deepening,the large water-stable aggregates decreased and the structure deteriorated.(2)Dispersive coefficient and<0.05 mm dispersion rate were significantly different among the gullies(p<0.05),both show an overall increasing trend in the 0—40 cm layer.The principal component analysis showed that the composite score of anti-erodibility of 0—20 cm and 20—40 cm layers both showed the order:CK>A_(1)>A_(2)>A_(3)>A_(4).[Conclusion]Development of erosion gully is the main reason for the differences in soil structure and anti-erodibility in black soils.Soil structure tends to deteriorate in the 0—40 cm soil layer,while anti-erodibility weakens and erodibility increases.
作者
张瑞豪
肖洋
徐金忠
王艳
张振烨
王嘉浩
牛羽萱
ZHANG Ruihao;XIAO Yang;XU Jinzhong;WANG Yan;ZHANG Zhenye;WANG Jiahao;NIU Yuxuan(College of Modern Agriculture and Ecology,Heilongjiang University,Haerbin 150080,China;Institute of Hydro-science of Heilongjiang,Haerbin 150080,China)
出处
《水土保持研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期69-75,共7页
Research of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
黑龙江省自然科学基金项目“黑土区切沟变化特征对融雪侵蚀的响应”(LH2020D018)
公路交通环境保护技术交通行业重点实验室开放课题“北方高寒区高速公路边坡植被快速恢复技术研究”(2014-8801)
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目“用于道路工程创面生态防护的植物纤维复合材料研发”(2017--9058)。
关键词
土壤侵蚀
黑土区
坡耕地
抗蚀性
soil erosion
black soil area
sloping farmland
anti-erodibility