哈尼语木达话硬腭塞音的声学特征

The Acoustic Features of Palatal Initials in Hani Language Moda Akha

哈尼语木达话中有硬腭塞音声母c/ch/?。使用Praat对这三个塞音进行声学分析描写,验证了通过历史比较而得出的硬腭塞音声母来源于复辅音kj/khj/ɡj的推论,而驱动这一音变的机制是全颚化。在全颚化的作用下,kj/khj/ɡj可直接演变为舌尖前齿龈塞擦音、舌叶腭龈塞擦音和舌面前龈腭塞擦音,c/ch/?不必是中间过渡阶段。此外,c/ch/?声学上表现出来的特征也解释了历史比较中kj/khj/ɡj和c/ch/?声母在缅彝语不同语言同源词中变为软腭塞音声母的原因。

Palatal initials c/ch/? were found in Muda Akha dialects of Hani Language.Praat was used to analyze and describe the three sounds trying to indicate their acoustic features.The result verified the inference that palatal initials evolved from the velar consonant clusters kj/khj/ɡj through historical comparisons,regarding that the mechanism driving this sound change was full palatalization.Under the action of full palatalization,kj/khj/ɡj can directly evolve into alveolar affricate,palato-alveolar affricate and alveolo-palatal affricate,and c/ch/? do not need to be an intermediate transition stage.Furthermore,the acoustically manifested features of c/ch/? also explain why kj/khj/ɡj and c/ch/? initials have become velar stop initials in different Burmese-Lolo language cognates in historical comparisons.