由疫情反思西方新旧“个人主义”

Reflecting on the Old and New“individualism”of the West Shown during the Covid-19 Pandemic

新冠疫情改变了人类的命运,在生命权与自由权之间,西方世界难以找到融合之路,而在索取“消极自由”过程之中,始终将二者置于对抗地位之上。这就凸显在新旧“个人主义”的命运之中。汉学家明确反对个人主义,特别反对是在自由根基上建构而成的“权利化的个体”,但是他们提出的“角色伦理”的解决方案,却走到了个体的对立面上去,此乃另一种非此即彼的选择。这两方面的理路皆不符合既保障“个体权利”又保持“社会和谐”的发展之路。

The Covid-19 pandemic has changed the fate of mankind,and it is difficult for the Western world to find a way of balance between the right to life and the right to freedom;in the pursuit for“negative freedom”,the two elements are always placed in a confrontational position,which is highlighted in the fate of the old and new“individualism”.Sinologists explicitly oppose individualism,especially the“rights-based individual”constructed on the basis of freedom,but their solution in the form of the“role ethic”goes to the opposite side of the individual,which is another either/or choice.Neither of these approaches is consistent with the development path of protecting“individual rights”while maintaining“social harmony.”