医养康养结合养老模式的实践探索与理论思考

Practical Exploration and Theoretical Thinking on the Model of Combination of Medical care and Elderly Care and the Combination of Health Care and Elderly Care

在整合性健康养老服务需求推动中诞生的医养康养相结合,是一个极具中国特色的概念。近年来,随着国家政策的陆续推出与试点扩大,成效有所显现,但也存在理论认知与实践探索偏差问题。养老服务体系研究除了从需求侧考虑如何满足需求者外,还应该从供给侧考虑其成本、收益及其筹资系统的可行性与可持续性。医养康养相结合不应该仅仅是简单的需求大融合,而应当兼顾服务与资金保障,借鉴发达国家养老服务体系建设的经验与教训,在建设多重服务有机组合的整合照料模式的同时,建立一个成熟的独立于医疗保险的长期照护保险制度对于养老服务体系持续运营至关重要,但在少子老龄化背景下的长期照护保险制度是难以持续的。由此可见,要解决中国的养老问题,只能寻求新的解决方案。

The combination of medical care and health care with elderly care emerged from the demand for integrated health and elderly care services,which is a concept with distinctive Chinese characteristics.In addition to considering how to meet the satisfaction from the demand side,the research of the elderly care service system should also consider its cost,benefit and the feasibility and sustainability of its financing system from the supply side.The combination of medical care and health care with elderly careshould not only be a simple integration of needs,but should take into account both service and capital security;by learning from the experience and lessons of the construction of the elderly care service system in developed countries,it is important to establish a mature and long-term care insurance system independent of medical insurance while building an integrated care model with multiple services and organic combination,which is very important for the sustainable operation of the elderly care service system;however,the long-term care insurance system is difficult to sustain in the context of lower birthrate and aging society.It can be seen that to solve China's elderly care problem,we have no option but to seek new solutions.