高中男子百米选手下肢力量、血乳酸及运动表现关研究

Correlation Study of Lower Extremity Strength, Blood Lactic Acid and Sports Performance of High School Male 100-meter Runners

目的从百米衡量速度素质的视角探究学术践行存在的实证缺失与争鸣。方法采用文献资料法、实验测试法、数理统计法(变异系数独立样本非参数检验、皮尔逊相关分析)对9名高中百米样本选手予以10 m分段速度、总用时、下蹲跳、百米冲刺后即刻及其后间隔5 s血乳酸值等测试分析。结果1)高中男子百米表现较差,力量为基础的体能水平不足、磷酸原供能及乳酸能力亟待提高、起跑动作技术尚需改进,其现有百米成绩及表现呈现该年龄段固有特征。2)血乳酸值即刻及滞后堆积变化可作为青少年等级水平划分及监控的高效度生化指标。结论以血乳酸为代表监控及评价训练负荷,强化青少年短跑技术规范性、熟练性,适切制定该年龄段特征的技术动作,将使青少年百米选手供能储备及功率释放水准切实保障,使得其竞技水平能持续健康提高及为成年竞技峰值夯实坚实技术基础。

From the perspective of measuring speed quality in 100 meters,this paper probes into the empirical deficiency and controversy in academic practice.Literature data,experimental testing and mathematical statistics(coefficient of variation independent sample non-parametric test,Pearson correlation analysis)were used to test and analyze 9 high school 100-meter sample athletes with 10 m sub-speed,total time,squat jump,blood lactic acid value immediately after 100-meter sprint and 5 s after interval.High school male 100-meter performance is poor,the strength based physical level is insufficient,the prophosphate energy supply and lactic acid ability need to be improved,the starting movement technology needs to be improved,the current 100-meter performance and performance present the inherent characteristics of this age group.The changes of immediate and delayed lactate accumulation in blood can be used as an efficient biochemical index for grade level classification and monitoring of adolescents.Monitoring and evaluating the training load with blood lactic acid as the representative,strengthening the technical standardization and proficiency of young sprinters,and formulating technical movements with the characteristics of this age group will effectively guarantee the energy supply reserve and power release level of young 100-meter runners,so that their competitive level can be continuously and healthily improved and lay a solid technical foundation for the peak of adult competition.