论侵犯网络著作权犯罪司法认定的刑民衔接

On the Connection between Criminal Law and Civil Law with Respect to Judicial Determination of Crime of Network Copyright

侵犯著作权罪是兼具民事不法与刑事不法的法定犯,违反著作权管理法规是其不成文的构成要件要素,且与《著作权法》的规范保护目的整体一致。因此,侵犯网络著作权犯罪的司法认定应当贯彻刑民衔接理念,遵循法秩序统一性原理,结合前置法对“复制权”“信息网络传播权”“技术措施”等术语的定义,运用体系解释的方法阐释侵犯著作权罪的构成要件要素,进而判断某一行为的构成要件符合性和违法性。制作外挂行为是否构成侵犯著作权罪取决于是否复制了客户端程序的源代码及二者是否达到实质相似的程度;设置深层链接行为因没有创设新的“传播源”而未侵犯信息网络传播权,不构成侵犯著作权罪;向他人提供避开或破坏权利人为保护其计算机软件著作权采取的接触控制措施的技术手段行为不宜入罪,向他人提供避开或破坏权利人为保护其视听作品信息网络传播权采取的使用控制措施的技术手段行为,构成侵犯著作权罪的帮助犯。

The crime of infringement of copyright is a legal crime with both civil and criminal wrongdoings,and violation of copyright management regulations is an unwritten constituent element of the crime,therefore,the judicial cognizance of the crime of infringing the network copyright should carry out the idea of the connection between the criminal and the people and follow the principle of the unity of legal order,combined with the definition of“copy right”,“information network communication right”,“technical measures”and other terms by the method of pre-position.This paper explains the elements of the crime of infringing copyright by the method of system interpretation,and then judge the conformity and illegality of the constitutive requirements of an act.Whether the act of making plug-in constitutes the crime of copyright infringement depends on whether the source code of the client program is copied and whether the two are substantially similar.The act of setting a deep link does not infringe the right of information network communication because it does not create a new“source of communication”,and does not constitute a crime of infringement of copyright;It is not appropriate to criminalize the act of providing a person with technical means to circumvent or undermine the access control measures taken by the obligee to protect the copyright of his computer software.The act of providing others with technical means to avoid or destroy the right to use control measures adopted by the obligee to protect the right of dissemination of audio-visual works on the internet constitutes an accomplice of the crime of copyright infringement.