几种典型植物的落花景观特点与园林设计

Landscape characteristics of falling flower and garden design of several typical plants

随着生活品质的提升,人们对园林绿地建设中景观植物的观赏要求也越来越高。本文通过整理几种典型落花成景植物的种类,分析落花景观设计的物质要求以及落花成景植物与其他不同园林要素的搭配方法,采取实地调研与问卷调查的形式分析落花景观设计中存在的问题,最后以湘潭市某园林的景观设计为例,阐述以落花景观为主题的园林景观设计理念。结果表明:落花造景主要以离瓣花植物为主要载体,形成一种唯美、浪漫和伤感的情感氛围;落花造景植物的成景因数主要有花(花色、花量、花瓣大小)、植株高度、季节和下垫面;落花造景植物需要与其他植物、草坪、铺装、水体、园林小品、不同地形合理搭配;樱花、碧桃、紫叶桃、紫叶李、贴梗海棠等5种蔷薇科植物是主要造景植物,其种植形式主要为孤植、列植、丛植、林植;在园林设计中,应根据景区特点、造景植物类型,依次错开观花时间段,形成一个连贯性的落花观赏时序。本文提出的落花景观设计理念可为今后绿地园林规划提供一定参考。

With the improvement of quality of life,people's requirements for viewing landscape plants in the garden greenbelt construction are getting higher and higher.The material requirements of falling flower landscape design and the matching methods of falling flower landscape plants and other dfferent garden elements are analyzed by sorting out several typical types of falling flower landscape plants,the problems in falling flower landscape design are analyzed in the form of field research and questionnaire,and finally the landscape design of an garden in Xiangtan city is taken as an example to expound the garden landscape design concept with the theme of falling flower landscape.The results show that the falling flower landscaping mainly uses off-petaled flower plants as the main carrier,forming a beautiful,romantic and sad emotional atmosphere;The landscape factors of falling flower landscaping plants mainly include flowers(flower color,flower volume,petal size),plant height,season and underlying surface;Falling flowers and landscaping plants need to be reasonably matched with other plants,lawns,paving,water bodies,garden ornaments,and different terrains;Five kinds of roseaceae,including sakura,prunus persica,purple-leaf peach,purple-leaf plum,and chaenomeles speciosa,are the main landscaping plants,and their planting forms are mainly solitary plants,column plants,cluster plants,and forest plants;In garden design,according to the characteristics of the scenic spot and the type of landscaping plants,the falling flower viewing time period should be staggered in turn to form a coherent falling flower viewing sequence.The design concept of falling flowers proposed in this paper can provide a certain reference for future greenbelt garden planning.