生命意识的重构与新世纪小说的生态叙事

The Reconstruction of Life Consciousness and the Ecological Narration of Novels in the New Century

生态理论与生态文学创作产生于现代化发展所引发的人类生存危机。对此,研究者通常站在现代性批判和“非人类中心主义”的立场来解读生态叙事,虽然能够准确揭示相关作品的思想指向,但容易陷入“生态中心主义”的误区,很难深入发掘文本的伦理价值。从生命意识的视角看,作家通过“整体主义”生态叙事、“生态风景”叙事与“精神生态”叙事的艺术形式,发现了人类社会与自然大地内在的生命联系,认识了自然万物独一无二的生命价值,并审视了生命存在的精神境况,从而实现对主体“自我”人格世界的探寻与精神创伤的治愈。总之,生态叙事超越了“自然”的范畴,展现出历史、社会、精神等多个维度的思考,积极参与到生态文明的建设活动中。

The ecological theory and ecological literature creation originated from the crisis of human existence caused by the development of modernization.In this regard,researchers usually interpret ecological narratives from the standpoint of modernity criticism and“non-anthropocentrism”.Although they can accurately reveal the ideological direction of relevant works,they are prone to fall into the misunderstanding of“ecocentrism”,and it thus is difficult to delve into the ethical value of the text.From the perspective of life consciousness,through the artistic forms of“holism”ecological narrative,“ecological landscape”narrative and“spiritual ecology”narrative,the writer has discovered the internal life relationship between human society and the natural land,recognized the unique life value of all things in nature,and examined the spiritual situation of life existence,thus realizing the exploration of the subject's“self”personality world and the healing of mental trauma.In a word,the ecological narrative has transcended the category of“nature”,showed the historical,social,spiritual and other dimensions of thinking,and actively participated in the construction of ecological civilization.