2021年云南省部分地区禽肝中元素监测结果分析

Analysis on monitoring results of elements in poultry liver in parts of Yunnan Province in 2021

目的 了解云南省部分地区鲜、冻禽肝中元素含量水平,分析其差异性,为居民合理膳食提供参考。方法 2021年6—11月,采集云南省消费量较大的10个地区超市、农贸市场销售的鲜、冻禽肝40份,用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,ICP-MS)对禽肝中的铝(Al)、砷(As)、钡(Ba)、镉(Cd)、铬(Cr)、铜(Cu)、汞(Hg)、锂(Li)、锰(Mn)、镍(Ni)、铅(Pb)、锑(Sb)、硒(Se)、锡(Sn)和钒(V)15种元素进行检测。对不同种类、不同产地禽肝元素含量的差异进行分析,并对元素含量间的相关性进行评价。结果 本次监测15种元素检出率为93%(14/15),其中微量元素Cu、Se、Mn、Cr检出率均为100%(40/40),V检出率90%(36/40),Sn检出率35%(14/40)、Ni检出率7.5%(3/40);其他重金属检出率在0~100%(Sb,0/40、Cd,40/40)之间。15种元素中8种元素(Pb、Cu、Se、Cd、Cr、Li、Mn、Ni)在不同禽肝之间含量差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05),其余7种元素在不同禽肝间含量差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论 云南省部分地区鲜、冻禽肝中不同种类禽肝元素含量差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),Pb、Cd、Cu、Se、Mn 5种元素含量差异最为明显,变异系数最高。不同产地、不同养殖方式对禽肝元素含量的影响有限,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);监测的禽肝微量元素含量丰富,Pb等重金属元素未超国家标准。

Objective To investigate the content of elements in the liver of fresh and frozen poultry in some areas of Yunnan Province,and analyze the differences,so as to provide reference for reasonable diet of residents.Methods From June to November 2021,40 samples of fresh and frozen poultry livers in supermarkets and farmers'markets in 10 regions with large consumption in Yunnan Province were collected.The 15 elements of aluminum(Al),arsenic(As),barium(Ba),cadmium(Cd),chromium(Cr),copper(Cu),mercury(Hg),lithium(Li),manganese(Mn),nickel(Ni),lead(Pb),antimony(Sb),selenium(Se),tin(Sn),and vanadium(V)in avian liver were detected by the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).The differences of elements content in poultry livers from different species and different producing areas were analyzed,and the correlation between elements content was evaluated.Results The detection rate of 15 elements was 93%(14/15),among which the detection rates of trace elements Cu,Se,Mn,and Cr were 100%(40/40),and the detection rate of V,Sn and Ni was 90%(36/40),35%(14/40)and 7.5%(3/40),respectively.The detection rates of other heavy metals ranged from 0 to 100%(Sb,0/40,Cd,40/40).There were statistically significant differences in the contents of eight elements(Pb,Cu,Se,Cd,Cr,Li,Mn,Ni)among different poultry livers(all P<0.05),while differences in the contents of other seven elements were not statistically significant(all P>0.05).Conclusions There are statistically significant differences in the contents of elements between fresh and frozen poultry liver in some areas of Yunnan Province(P<0.05),and the differences in the contents of Pb,Cd,Cu,Se,Mn are the most obvious,with the highest coefficient of variation.The impact of different origins and breeding methods on the elemental content of poultry liver is not obvious,and the differences are not statistically significant(P>0.05).The content of trace elements in poultry liver is rich,and heavy metal elements such as Pb do not exceed national standards.