咸阳市4所三级甲等医院护士心理资本、自我控制能力与职业延迟满足的关系研究

Study on relationship among psychological capital,self-control ability and occupational delay of gratification in nurses from four grade-A tertiary hospitals in Xianyang City

目的 了解三级甲等医院护士自我控制能力、心理资本及职业延迟满足间的相关性,探究护士自我控制能力、心理资本及职业延迟满足间的关系。方法 2022年4月采用便利抽样法,选取咸阳市三级甲等医院护士作为研究对象,使用护士自我控制能力测评问卷、护士心理资本量表和职业延迟满足量表进行问卷调查,并对问卷进行数据分析。结果 三级甲等医院护士心理资本总均分为(4.23±0.49)分,自我控制能力总均分为(3.92±0.66)分,职业延迟满足总均为(3.11±0.68)分。不同学历、护龄、聘用类型及月收入的护士心理资本得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);不同聘用类型及月收入的护士自我控制能力得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);不同聘用类型及月收入的护士职业延迟满足得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。护士自我控制能力与心理资本、职业延迟满足均呈正相关(r=0.742、0.833,均P<0.01),心理资本与职业延迟满足呈正相关(r=0.750,P<0.01);自我控制能力在护士心理资本和职业延迟满足之间起部分中介作用,中介效应为0.77,占总效应的63.11%。结论 三级甲等医院护士心理资本、自我控制能力和职业延迟满足密切相关,且自我控制能力在心理资本与职业延迟满足之间起部分中介作用。提升护士心理资本及自我控制能力对职业延迟满足有积极作用,有利于护理队伍的稳定与发展。

Objective To understand the correlation among self-control ability,psychological capital and occupational delay of gratification of nurses ingrade-A tertiary hospitals,explore the relationship among self-control ability,psychological capital and occupational delay of gratification of nurses.Methods In April 2022,the convenience sampling method was used to select the nurses in the grade-A tertiary hospitals of Xianyang City as the research object.The nurse self-control ability questionnaire,the nurse psychological capital scale and the occupational delay of gratification scale were used to conduct a questionnaire survey,and the data were analyzed.Results The total average score of psychological capital,self-control ability and occupational delay of gratification among nurses in the grade-A tertiary hospitals was(4.23±0.49),(3.92±0.66)and(3.11±0.68)points,respectively.There were statistically significant differences in the score of psychological capital among nurses with different educational background,nursing age,employment type and monthly income(all P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the score of self-control ability among nurses with different employment type and monthly income(all P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the score of occupational delay of gratification among nurses with different employment type and monthly income(all P<0.05).The self-control ability of nurses was positively correlated with psychological capital and occupational delay of gratification(r=0.742,0.833,both P<0.01)and the psychological capital was positively correlated with occupational delay of gratification(r=0.750,P<0.01).The self-control ability played a part of mediating role between nurses psychological capital and occupational delay of gratification,the mediating effect was 0.77,accounting for 63.11%of the total effect.Conclusions The psychological capital,self-control ability and occupational delay of gratification of nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals are closely related,and the self-control ability plays a partial mediating role between psychological capital and occupational delay of gratification.Improving nurses'psychological capital and self-control ability has a positive effect on the occupational delay of gratification,and is conducive to the stability and development of the nursing team.