20m往返跑联合抗阻锻炼对大学生心理资本和心理健康社会适应的干预效果分析

Analysis on intervention effect of 20-meter round-trip running combined with resistance exercise on college students'psychological capital and mental health and social adaptation

目的 分析20 m往返跑联合抗阻锻炼对大学生心理资本和心理健康社会适应的干预效果。方法 2021年4—6月,通过网络和海报的方式随机招募符合条件的新疆某大学240名大学生随机分为4组,分别为对照组、心肺耐力干预组、抗阻锻炼干预组和心肺耐力联合抗阻锻炼干预组,对其进行10周的锻炼干预,干预前后采用症状自评量表、心理资本量表、适应量表进行调查,并对干预前后结果进行分析。结果 干预前4组大学生症状自评量表(self-reporting inventory,SCL-90)、心理资本量表(psychological capital questionnaire,PCQ)、适应量表(college student adaptabiliey inventory,CSAI)各因子及总均分比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。干预后4组比较,除SCL-90的偏执、敌对因子和CSAI的职业选择因子外,其他各因子及总均分差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。干预前后各组相比较,除对照组各因子及其他3组部分因子外,其他各因子差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论 心肺耐力和抗阻练习及心肺耐力联合抗阻练习均有利于提高大学生的心理资本和健康水平以及社会适应性水平,但心肺耐力联合抗阻练习组干预效果最佳。

Objective To understand the intervention effect of 20-meter round-trip running combined with resistance exercise on college students'psychological capital and mental health and social adaptation.Methods From April to June 2021,240 eligible college students were randomly recruited through the Internet and posters and randomly divided into four groups,namely the control group,the cardiorespiratory endurance intervention group,the resistance exercise intervention group,and the cardiorespiratory endurance combined resistance exercise intervention group,and they were given 10 weeks of exercise intervention.Before and after intervention,the survey was conducted using symptom checklist,psychological capital scale and adaptation scale,and the results were analyzed.Results Before the intervention,there were no statistically significant differences in the factor scores and total score of self-reporting inventory(SCL-90),psychological capital questionnaire(PCQ)and college student adaptability inventory(CSAI)among four groups(all P>0.05).After the intervention,except the paranoid and hostile factors of SCL-90 and the occupational choice factor of CSAI,the differences in other factor scores and total score were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Before and after the intervention,except each factor in the control group and some dimensions of the other three groups,there were statistically significant differences in other factors(all P<0.05).Conclusion The cardiorespiratory endurance,resistance exercise,and cardiorespiratory endurance combined with resistance exercise are beneficial to the improvement of cllege students psychological capital,health level and social adaptation level,but the cardiorespiratory endurance combined with resistance exercise group has the best intervention effect.