禾谷镰刀菌脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇生物合成及其分子调控研究进展

Research progress on biosynthesis and molecular regulation of deoxynivalenol in Fusarium graminearum

禾谷镰刀菌是感染小麦、玉米等主要粮食作物的一种重要的病原真菌,在引发严重小麦赤霉病害的同时,可分泌产生脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON),污染食品后不易被清除,严重威胁人和动物的健康。禾谷镰刀菌产DON的生物合成路径及分子调控机制一直是国内外的研究热点、焦点和难点,也是防控DON的基础。本文综述了禾谷镰刀菌DON生物合成过程中涉及产毒基因簇TRI的各个基因、编码蛋白及其生物学功能,以及目前对禾谷镰刀菌中对呕吐毒素生物合成调控机制的研究进展。这些基础信息将直接为安全控制主要粮食及其制品中真菌毒素污染提供有价值的参考资料。

Fusarium graminearum(F.graminearum)is the main pathogenic fungus that infects wheat,corn,and other important food crops.Meanwhile,deoxynivalenol secreted by F.graminearum is hard to be removed from contaminated food,it seriously threats human and livestock health.The biosynthesis pathway and molecular regulation mechanisms of DON production in F.graminearum have long been global research priorities.This knowledge is also important for the safety control of DON mycotoxin.The genes,ecoding protein and biological functions of the TRI-cluster genes cluster involved in the biosynthesis of DON in F.graminearum are summarized.The latest research progress on the regulatory mechanism of DON biosynthesis in F.graminearum is outlined.This information will be a valuable reference data for studies addressing the prevention and management of mycotoxin pollution on relevant food crops.