长三角地区老龄政策的比较分析与优化策略——基于政策工具视角

A Comparative Analysis and Improvement of the Yangtze River Delta Policies on the Aged from the Perspective of Policy Instruments

长三角老龄事业一体化发展背景下,为弥合老龄事业发展区域落差,推动后进地区老龄事业高质量发展,借助政策工具理论,构建“政策工具-政策目标”二维分析框架,对长三角三省一市“十四五”老龄事业发展规划政策文本进行编码分析。得出结论:政策工具方面,安徽存在一定程度上的结构失调;政策目标方面,安徽更重视养老服务供给与老年健康;政策内容方面,安徽需重视政策创新等。进而提出老龄政策优化路径,即提级政策导向的积极性、提高政策目标的靶向性、提增政策工具的有效性、提升政策内容的精准性。

By constructing a two-dimensional analysis framework,this paper codes the policy text of the 14th Five-year Plan for the development of the cause of the aged in the Yangtze River Delta,multi-di-mensional analysis of different areas of the use of policy tools and their sub-policy tools,in particular,explores the gap between the regions with relatively backward economic and social development and the advanced regions.Furthermore,the paper puts forward the optimization of the aged policy from the following four aspects:the enthusiasm of the policy orientation,the improvement of the targeting of the policy objectives,the enhancement of the effectiveness of the policy tools,and the enhancement of the precision of the policy contents,so as to narrow the gap between the backward and the advanced areas,promote the integration of the aged cause in the Yangtze River Delta,and provide some enlightenment for other urban agglomerations to bridge the unbalanced development of the aged cause.