健康中国建设背景下学校心理健康教育的使命、挑战与推进策略

The Mission,Challenge and Promotion Strategy of School Mental Health Education under the Background of Healthy China Construction

健康中国战略是新世纪我国健康建设理论研究的最新成果,为学校心理健康教育的研究与实践提供了最新指引。健康中国作为一个国家战略,包含了三层理论内涵:尊重每一个人的“健康权”、倡导“预防为主”、体现“大健康”的理念。在健康中国理念指引下,学校心理健康教育需承担新的使命:关注每一个学生的心理健康、关注学生心理健康素养的培养、关注整体教育生态的改造。但从目前的实践来看,学校心理健康教育在以上三方面仍存在较大的困境与挑战。本研究以健康中国理念为出发点,提出建构中小学“全辅导”心理健康服务体系,以全体学生心理需求为基石,以心理健康素养培养为核心,打破教育系统内外壁垒,整合学校、家庭、社会三方力量,打通预防-辅导-治疗三环节,构建全员、全程、全域参与中小学生心理健康教育的整体新格局。

The Healthy China Strategy is the latest achievement in the theoretical research of China's health construction in the new century,which provides the latest guidance for the research and practice of school mental health education.As a national strategy,Healthy China contains three connotations:respect everyone's"Right To Health",advocate"Prevention First",and embody the concept of"Great Health".Under the guidance of the concept of healthy China,school mental health education needs to undertake a new mission:pay attention to the mental health of each student,cultivation of students'mental health literacy,and transformation of the overall educational ecology.However,from the current practice,school mental health education still has great difficulties and challenges in the above three aspects.In response to the concept of healthy China,this paper attempts to build a"full counseling"system for mental health in primary and secondary schools,with the psychological needs of all students as the cornerstone and the cultivation of all students'mental health literacy as the core,break the internal and external barriers of the education system,integrate the three forces of school,family and society,break through the three links of prevention-guidance-treatment,and build a new overall pattern of all staff,whole process and whole area participation in the mental health education of primary and secondary students.