医养结合机构老年人收入水平与主观幸福感的相关性研究

Study on the Correlation between Income Level and Subjective Well-being of the Elderly People in Medical and Nursing Institutions

目的探讨医养结合机构入住老年人收入水平与主观幸福感之间的关系,为医养结合视域下加强对老年人的经济支持提供科学参考。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,利用自制问卷于2017年6月-2018年8月在青岛市7个区抽取43家医养结合机构入住的1907名老年人进行问卷调查。结果被调查老年人的主观幸福感的平均得分为(3.90±0.908)分,收入水平的平均得分为(3.29±1.125)分。多重线性回归分析结果显示,患有疾病、感到一般或有孤独寂寞感、感到一般或有焦虑抑郁感、对人际关系满意度感到不满意、有日常生活能力(activity of daily living,ADL)障碍的老年人主观幸福感较低;收入水平高、最理想的医养结合机构类型为医疗机构内设养老机构模式的老年人主观幸福感较高(P<0.05)。结论收入水平与医养结合机构老年人主观幸福感关系密切。应加大对老年人的经济救助,提高老年人的收入水平和经济状况,提升其主观幸福感。

Objective To explore the relationship between the income level and subjective well-being of the elderly people living in medical and nursing institutions,and to provide scientific reference for strengthening the economic support for the elderly people from the perspective of integrated medical and nursing care.Methods A total of 1907 elderly people from 43 medical and nursing institutions were selected from 7 districts of Qingdao from June 2017 to August 2018 by stratified random sampling method with a self-designed questionnaire.Results The average score of subjective well-being was(3.90±0.908),and the average score of income level was(3.29±1.125).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the subjective well-being of the elderly people was lower with diseases,feeling general or having loneliness,feeling general or having anxiety and depression,dissatisfaction with interpersonal relationship and ADL disorder;the subjective well-being of the elderly people was higher with high income level and the most ideal type of medical and nursing institutions was“pension institution within the medical institution mode”(P<0.05).Conclusion The income level is closely related to the subjective well-being of the elderly people in medical and nursing institutions.We should increase the financial assistance to the elderly people,improve their income level and economic status,and enhance their subjective well-being.