布鲁氏菌病概述及防控对策

Summary and Prevention and Control Measures of Brucellosis

布鲁氏菌病,简称布病,是世界上最常见的人畜共患疾病之一,是一种由布鲁氏菌属(Brucella)的细菌感染机体引起的传染-变态反应性人畜共患病,严重危害到畜牧业的发展和人类的健康。由于布鲁氏菌病的根除是一项昂贵、耗时且劳动密集型的工程,这些战略和措施在资源有限的国家难以有效实施,目前只有少数发达国家实现了动物布鲁氏菌病的消除,而在发展中国家,布鲁氏菌病的感染及防控仍然是一个严重的问题。现对布病的生理特征、在陕西地区的流行情况及对家畜的危害进行分析总结,并提出相应的防控策略,旨在更进一步提高布病的防控意识,更有效科学的进行布病防控。

As one of the most common zoonotic diseases in the world,brucellosis is a kind of infectious-allergic zoonosis caused by Brucella bacteria,which seriously harms the development of animal husbandry and human health.As the eradication of brucellosis is an expensive,time-consuming and labor-intensive project,these strategies and measures are difficult to imple-ment effectively in countries with limited resources.At present,only a few developed countries have achieved the elimination of animal brucellosis,the infection and control of brucellosis is still a serious problem in developing countries.This paper analy-zes and summarizes the physiological characteristics of brucellosis,the epidemic situation in Shaanxi and the harm to livestock,and puts forward the corresponding prevention and control strategies,to further improve the awareness of brucellosis preven-tion and control,more effective and scientific prevention and control of brucellosis.